Evidence mapPaperPMID 40375727Full record

ArticleJournal of global health2025

The role of individual and regional environment factors on levels of a cardiovascular risk predictor in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Kexin Li, Peihan Wang, Zhenbo Wang, Chengdong Xu, Shaobin Wang, Zhiyi Li, Peng Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kexin Li *Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Peihan Wang *Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Zhenbo WangKey Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Chengdong XuUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Shaobin WangKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Zhiyi LiKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
Peng WangKey Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in China and worldwide. However, a large proportion of CVD can be prevented by regulating the levels of cardiovascular risk predictors. Despite the contribution of well-established factors to changes in cardiovascular risk predictors, the role of the regional environment and its combined effects with individual factors, which could affect health outcomes, remain unclear. Methods: We included 10 308 middle-aged and older Chinese adults from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a cardiovascular risk predictor. Related potential factors including individual characteristics, regional air pollution, and regional socioeconomic status characteristics were also collected. The geographical detector method was used to quantify the explanatory power of individual and regional factors separately and in pairs in the hs-CRP levels according to regions (southern vs. northern China). Results: Blood triglyceride had the highest explanatory power for hs-CRP levels. Regional environment factors, including air pollution and socioeconomic status, significantly affected hs-CRP levels, and the results differed by region. Indoor air pollution and regional industrial structure had a stronger effect on hs-CRP levels in the south, whereas outdoor air pollution and economic level had a greater effect in the north. The interactions between any two of the paired factors enhanced the effects. Conclusions: Spatial stratified heterogeneity of the leading risk factors for hs-CRP, a powerful cardiovascular risk predictor, was found. The combined effect of individual factors and regional environment enhanced the explanatory power of each risk factor. The results suggest that policymakers should choose different optimal approaches to regulate the cardiovascular risk predictor levels of middle-aged and older Chinese adults in different regions and the interaction effects between individual factors and the regional environment should be considered.

Indexed as

Air PollutionCardiovascular DiseasesC-Reactive ProteinHeart Disease Risk FactorsAgedChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsC-Reactive Protein

Identifiers

PMID40375727
PMCPMC12082255

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.