Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40377164›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science2026

Characteristics of people with severe mental illness excluded from incentivised physical health checks in the UK: electronic healthcare record study.

Naomi Launders, Caroline A Jackson, Joseph F Hayes, Ann John, Robert Stewart, Matthew H Iveson, Elvira Bramon, Bruce Guthrie, Stewart W Mercer, David P J Osborn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Tirzepatide and the NHS: are we creating a two-tier obesity treatment system?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Naomi LaundersDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4241-938X
Caroline A JacksonUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2067-2811
Joseph F HayesDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2286-3862
Ann JohnSwansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5657-6995
Robert StewartInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-6397
Matthew H IvesonDivision of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7242-0456
Elvira BramonDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1369-5983
Bruce GuthrieUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-4880
Stewart W MercerUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1703-3664
David P J OsbornDivision of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-1539

Funding

Department of Health NIHR200756Medical Research Council G0901310Medical Research Council G1100583Medical Research Council MR/W014386/1Medical Research Council MR/W020238/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPhysical health checks in primary care for people with severe mental illness ((SMI) defined as schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and non-organic psychosis) aim to reduce health inequalities. Patients who decline or are deemed unsuitable for screening are removed from the denominator used to calculate incentivisation, termed exception reporting.

aimsTo describe the prevalence of, and patient characteristics associated with, exception reporting in patients with SMI.

methodWe identified adult patients with SMI from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), registered with a general practice between 2004 and 2018. We calculated the annual prevalence of exception reporting and investigated patient characteristics associated with exception reporting, using logistic regression.

resultsOf 193 850 patients with SMI, 27.7% were exception reported from physical health checks at least once. Exception reporting owing to non-response or declining screening increased over the study period. Patients of Asian or Black ethnicity (Asian: odds ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.65-0.80; Black: odds ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.76-0.97; compared with White) and women (odds ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.88-0.92) had a reduced odds of being exception reported, whereas patients diagnosed with 'other psychoses' (odds ratio 1.19, 95% CI 1.15-1.23; compared with bipolar disorder) had increased odds. Younger patients and those diagnosed with schizophrenia were more likely to be exception reported owing to informed dissent.

conclusionsException reporting was common in people with SMI. Interventions are required to improve accessibility and uptake of physical health checks to improve physical health in people with SMI.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPhysical ExaminationPrimary Health CareAdultAgedBipolar DisorderElectronic Health RecordsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaUnited KingdomYoung Adultbipolar type 1 or 2 disordersComorbidityelectronic health recordsprimary carepsychotic disorders/schizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID40377164
PMCPMC7617791

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.