Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40390731›Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Chronic Inflammation: A Multidisciplinary Analysis of Shared Pathways in Autoimmune, Infectious, and Degenerative Diseases.

Ayadi Yacine, Muhammad Zain Ali, Amal Bayen Alharbi, Huda Qubayl Alanaz, Ahmad Saud Alrahili, Ahmad A Alkhdairi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. BiogenicRSC advances · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. LIN-23 AffectsbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ayadi YacineDepartment of Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers, DZA.
Muhammad Zain AliDepartment of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, CHN.
Amal Bayen AlharbiDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU.
Huda Qubayl AlanazDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU.
Ahmad Saud AlrahiliDepartment of Family Medicine, Royal Saudi Land Forces, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, SAU.
Ahmad A AlkhdairiDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged immune response that contributes to various diseases, including neuropathies, autoimmune conditions, and metabolic disorders. This review explores the role of chronic inflammation across multiple medical specialties, emphasizing its impact on diseases such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and chronic hepatitis. It highlights common inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP), which drive tissue damage and disease progression. Infections, particularly viral and bacterial agents, trigger inflammatory responses through mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and bystander activation, leading to chronic pain and neuropathy. While current treatments, including corticosteroids and biologics, offer some relief, they are often limited by side effects and insufficient symptom resolution. This review suggests that future therapeutic strategies should focus on targeted inflammation modulation, bioelectronic medicine, and early intervention. Addressing the multifaceted nature of chronic inflammatory syndromes is crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Indexed as

autoimmune diseaseschronic inflammationchronic paininfectious agentsinflammatory biomarkersnarrative reviewneuropathy

Identifiers

PMID40390731
PMCPMC12087386

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.