Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40398956›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Triple cardiovascular disease detection with an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope (TRICORDER): design and rationale for a decentralised, real-world cluster-randomised controlled trial and implementation study.

Mihir A Kelshiker, Patrik Bächtiger, Josephine Mansell, Daniel B Kramer, Saloni Nakhare, Melanie T Almonte, Abdullah Alrumayh, Camille F Petri, Alexei Peters, Ceire Costelloe and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05987670 (Triple Cardiovascular Disease Detection With an Artificial Intelligence-enabled Stethoscope), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05987670 naunknown statusnot on this map

Triple Cardiovascular Disease Detection With an Artificial Intelligence-enabled Stethoscope

TypeinterventionalSponsorImperial College LondonRan2023 to 2025Enrolled200ConditionsHeart Failure, Heart Valve Diseases, Atrial Fibrillation, Heart MurmursArmsAI-stethoscope
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Mihir A Kelshiker *National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8189-7571
Patrik Bächtiger *National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Josephine MansellNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Daniel B KramerNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Saloni NakhareNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Melanie T AlmonteNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Abdullah AlrumayhNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Camille F PetriNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Alexei PetersNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Ceire CostelloeSchool of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Emanuela FalaschettiImperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, England.
Carys BartonImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, England, UK.
Rasha Al-LameeNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK.
Azeem MajeedSchool of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2357-9858
Carla M PlymenImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, England, UK.
Nicholas S PetersNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, England, UK n.peters@imperial.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEarly detection of cardiovascular disease in primary care is a public health priority, for which the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscope that detects left ventricular systolic dysfunction, atrial fibrillation and cardiac murmurs is unproven but potentially transformative. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: TRICORDER is a pragmatic, two-arm, multi-centre (decentralised), cluster-randomised controlled trial and implementation study. Up to 200 primary care practices in urban North West London and rural North Wales, UK, will be randomised to usual care or to have artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscopes available for use. Primary care clinicians will use the artificial intelligence-enabled stethoscopes at their own discretion, without patient-level inclusion or exclusion criteria. They will be supported to do so by a clinical guideline developed and approved by the regional health system executive board. Patient and outcome data will be captured from pooled primary and secondary care records, supplemented by qualitative and quantitative clinician surveys. The coprimary endpoints are (i) difference in the coded incidence (detection) of heart failure and (ii) difference in the ratio of coded incidence of heart failure via hospital admission versus community-based diagnostic pathways. Secondary endpoints include difference in the incidence of atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease, cost-consequence differential, and prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This trial has ethical approval from the UK Health Research Authority (23/LO/0051). Findings from this trial will be disseminated through publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts, presentations at scientific meetings and conferences with local and national stakeholders. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05987670.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAtrial FibrillationCardiovascular DiseasesHeart FailureHeart MurmursStethoscopesVentricular Dysfunction, LeftCost-Benefit AnalysisEarly DiagnosisHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicPrimary Health CareArtificial IntelligenceCARDIOLOGYHEALTH ECONOMICSHeart failurePrimary Health CarePUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID40398956
PMCPMC12096962

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.