ArticleBMC public health2025
Demographic, cultural, and health correlates of physical activity and sports participation among adults in Kermanshah province, Iran.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Beyond the digital divide: multi-group SEM examination of socioeconomic status, mHealth utilization, and urban-rural physical activity disparities in Indonesia.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Physical activity and nutritional status as mediators in the relationship between mental health and quality of life in older women: a cross-sectional mediation study in northern Iran.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPhysical activity (PA) is vital for health but faces gender disparities, particularly in regions like Iran due to cultural and infrastructural barriers. This study examines gender differences in PA and sports participation among adults in Kermanshah Province, focusing on demographics, cultural barriers, and health-related factors, while comparing findings with recent studies across Iran. Addressing these disparities is essential for promoting equitable access to PA opportunities.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 392 participants aged 18-60 years, selected through stratified random sampling in Kermanshah Province. Data were collected using an online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms, which included demographic information and physical activity (PA) levels assessed through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Statistical analyses included independent t-tests, Pearson's correlation, and multivariate regression.
resultsSignificant gender differences were observed in PA levels, with men reporting a mean PA level of 2,850 MET-minutes/week compared with 1,920 MET-minutes/week for women (p = 0.033). A stronger inverse correlation was found between PA and BMI in men (Rs = -0.485) compared to women (Rs = -0.223). Cultural norms, such as restrictive gender roles and limited access to sports facilities, were identified as major barriers to women's participation. Additionally, demographic factors such as education level, income, marital status, and social support were significantly associated with PA levels across both genders.
conclusionsThe findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive strategies to tackle physical activity disparities in Kermanshah Province. Recommendations include: (1) creating women-focused programs, such as women-only facilities and community exercise groups; (2) improving sports infrastructure access for underserved populations, especially women; and (3) integrating PA promotion into public health campaigns targeting disadvantaged groups. Further research should explore contributing factors and evaluate targeted interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.