Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40400088›Full record

ArticleHIV medicine2025

Metabolic syndrome and Pathobiological Determination of Atherosclerosis in Youth risk score in adolescents with and without perinatally acquired HIV in the Cape Town Adolescent and Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC)-Heart study.

Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo, Mothabisi Nyathi, Shan Sun, Lauren Balmert Bonner, Morné Kahts, Nana Akua Asafu-Agyei, Nomawethu Jele, Emma Carkeek, Justine Legbedze, Grace A McComsey and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Sahera Dirajlal-FargoDepartment of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Division of Adult Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-9062
Mothabisi NyathiDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Shan SunDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Lauren Balmert BonnerDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Morné KahtsUniversity of Cape Town/South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases with Infectious Diseases, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nana Akua Asafu-AgyeiDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Nomawethu JeleDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Emma CarkeekDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Justine LegbedzeDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Grace A McComseyDepartment of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Matthew FeinsteinDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Landon MyerDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Ntobeko A B NtusiUniversity of Cape Town/South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases with Infectious Diseases, Cape Town, South Africa.
Heather J ZarDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health and SA-MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jennifer JaoDepartment of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Division of Adult Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages to Equity in Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI GRACE A MCCOMSEY · 2023 to 2026
$32.1M
Understanding Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways of Myocardial and Vascular Dysfunction in South African Youth Living with Perinatal HIVR01HL151287 · NHLBI · LURIE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO · PI JAO, JENNIFER, ZAR, HEATHER JOY · 2020 to 2024
$3.3M
Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC)R01HD074051 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN · PI ZAR, HEATHER JOY · 2012 to 2016
$3.0M
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R01HD074051NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL151287NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL151287NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD074051South African Medical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLimited data exist describing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) coronary arteries (CA) and abdominal aorta (AA) risk scores in youth with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.

methodsThis cross-sectional analysis assessed MetS and PDAY CA and AA risk scores among youth with perinatally acquired HIV, youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV, and HIV-seronegative youth. Elevated PDAY score was defined as ≥1. Cluster heat map analysis was used, and logistic regression models were fit to assess the association of HIV status with MetS and PDAY CA and AA risk scores separately after adjusting for covariates.

resultsWe enrolled 237 youth with perinatally acquired HIV, 56 youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV and 71 HIV-seronegative youth; median (interquartile range = IQR) age was 18 (17, 20) years, 58% females. Youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV had the highest proportion with MetS (34%), while HIV-seronegative youth had 23%, and youth with perinatally acquired HIV 12%. Forty-seven percent of youth with perinatally acquired HIV, 63% of youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV and 41% of HIV-seronegative youth had elevated PDAY CA score; 30% of youth with perinatally acquired HIV, 39% of youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV and 23% of HIV-seronegative youth had elevated PDAY AA score. A non-overweight but hyperlipidaemic phenotype predominantly comprised of youth with perinatally acquired HIV was observed by cluster analysis. Youth with perinatally acquired HIV had lower adjusted odds of MetS compared with HIV-seronegative youth (odds ratio = 0.35, 95% confidence interval: 0.16, 0.79) but HIV status (either youth with perinatally acquired HIV or youth with non-perinatally acquired HIV vs. HIV-seronegative) was not associated with an elevated PDAY CA or AA risk score.

conclusionYouth with perinatally acquired HIV have a lower odd of MetS, reflecting an overall non-overweight, but hyperlipidaemic phenotype highlighting the need for further cardiometabolic research in this ageing population in South Africa.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisHIV InfectionsMetabolic SyndromeAdolescentCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleRisk FactorsSouth AfricaYoung Adultcardiometaboliccardiovascular diseasemetabolic syndromePathobiological Determination of Atherosclerosisperinatally acquired HIV

Identifiers

PMID40400088
PMCPMC12315067

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.