Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40400167›Full record

ReviewPlant communications2025

Flagellin sensing, signaling, and immune responses in plants.

Hyeonmin Ryu, Sejin Choi, Mengwei Cheng, Bon-Kyoung Koo, Eun Yu Kim, Ho-Seok Lee, Du-Hwa Lee

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Plant communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Biostimulation of Tomato Plants (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. TheGenes · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hyeonmin RyuDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea.
Sejin ChoiDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea.
Mengwei ChengDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea; Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China.
Bon-Kyoung KooCenter for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea.
Eun Yu KimDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea; Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China; Environment Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215300, China.
Ho-Seok LeeDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea. Electronic address: hoseoklee@khu.ac.kr.
Du-Hwa LeeDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; Department of Chemistry, BOKU University, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: duhwalee@khu.ac.kr.

Funding

Non-US Government Research Support type
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The flagellin-sensing mechanism is one of the most extensively studied topics in plant defense systems. This widespread interest arises from the ability of flagellin to trigger robust and extensive responses, establishing it as a cornerstone for research into other defense mechanisms. Plants recognize bacterial flagellin epitopes through plasma-membrane-localized pattern-recognition receptors, initiating pattern-triggered immunity as the frontline defense against bacterial pathogens. In this review, we comprehensively summarize flagellin-sensing mechanisms and signal transduction pathways in plants. We compare the flagellin-sensing mechanisms of plants and mammals, focusing on epitope processing and recognition. We present detailed downstream signaling events, from receptor complex formation to transcriptional reprogramming. Furthermore, we highlight the evolutionary arms race between plants and bacteria and incorporate emerging insights into how flagellin-triggered responses are modulated by receptor networking, phytocytokines, and environmental factors. These findings suggest that flagellin-mediated immune responses are highly dynamic and context dependent. By synthesizing current knowledge and recent discoveries, this review provides updated perspectives on plant-microbe interactions and aims to inspire future research in plant immunity.

Indexed as

FlagellinPlant ImmunityPlantsSignal TransductionReceptors, Pattern RecognitionFlagellinReceptors, Pattern Recognitionflagellin sensingFLS2 receptorMAMPsmicrobe-associated molecular patternspattern-recognition receptorspattern-triggered immunityplant–pathogen interactionPRRsPTI

Identifiers

PMID40400167
PMCPMC12281300

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.