Evidence mapPaperPMID 40401748Full record

ArticleCancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)2025

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Head and Neck Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes after SGLT2I, DPP4I, and GLP1a Use.

Lifang Li, Oscar Hou-In Chou, Kar Kei Mak, Yifan Yang, Cheuk To Chung, Guoliang Li, Catherine Po Ling Chan, Wing Tak Wong, Tong Liu, Bernard Man Yung Cheung and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lifang Li *Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-4917-5701
Oscar Hou-In Chou *Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7058-4708
Kar Kei MakSchool of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0009-0002-6150-2162
Yifan YangSchool of Management, Xi'An Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5106-0471
Cheuk To ChungDiabetes Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, PowerHealth Research Institute, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0420-5359
Guoliang LiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2352-9404
Catherine Po Ling ChanDepartment of Ear, Nose and Throat, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4755-2155
Wing Tak WongSchool of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4514-3780
Tong LiuDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0482-0738
Bernard Man Yung CheungDivision of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9106-7363
Gary TseDepartment of Cardiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5510-1253
Jiandong ZhouDepartment of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3780-9033

Funding

Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong (HKUMed) 103034014Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong (HKUMed) 200010837
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains a major endemic disease in parts of Asia especially Southern China and Southest Asia, the risk factors of which are distinct from other head and neck cancers. Antidiabetic drugs have been proposed to reduce the risk of NPC. The associations between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) and the risks of NPC and head and neck cancer among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain unknown. This was a population-based cohort study including patients with T2DM treated with either an SGLT2I or a DPP4I between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, in Hong Kong. Propensity score matching (1:1 ratio) was performed using the nearest neighbor search. Multivariable Cox regression was applied to identify significant predictors. The primary outcome was new-onset NPC and other head and neck cancers. We found that patients with T2DM were treated with either an SGLT2I or a DPP4I between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019, in Hong Kong. This cohort included 75,884 patients with T2DM, among whom 28,778 patients were on an SGLT2I and 47,106 patients were on a DPP4I. After matching (57,556 patients), 106 patients developed NPC and 50 patients developed head and neck cancer. Compared with DPP4Is, SGLT2Is were associated with lower risks of NPC (HR, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.81) but not of head and neck cancer (HR, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-3.92) after adjustments. The association remained consistent in different risk models, matching approaches, and sensitivity analysis. In conclusion, this study provided real-world evidence that SGLT2Is were associated with lower risks of NPC but not of head and neck cancer when compared with DPP4Is among patients with T2DM, whereas their biological effects need future confirmation. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: This study provided real-world evidence that SGLT2Is were associated with lower risks of NPC but not of head and neck cancer when compared with DPP4Is among patients with T2DM. SGLT2Is should be considered before DPP4Is about the risks of NPC in regions with high prevalence of NPC.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsHead and Neck NeoplasmsHypoglycemic AgentsNasopharyngeal CarcinomaNasopharyngeal NeoplasmsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Hong KongHumansMaleMiddle AgedDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Hypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40401748
PMCPMC12485376

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.