Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40405489›Full record

SynthesisJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2025

Comparison of concurrent, resistance, or aerobic training on body fat loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Kworweinski Lafontant, Alexa Rukstela, Ardis Hanson, Janet Chan, Yasamian Alsayed, Wayne A Ayers-Creech, Cassidy Bale, Yuto Ohigashi, John Solis, Gretchen Shelton and 6 more

Abstract readComparative StudyMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Kworweinski LafontantUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8756-9827
Alexa RukstelaUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-7204-1657
Ardis HansonUniversity of South Florida, USF Health Libraries, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4253-0424
Janet ChanUniversity of South Florida, USF Health Libraries, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8989-911X
Yasamian AlsayedUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Wayne A Ayers-CreechUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cassidy BaleUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-4230-8564
Yuto OhigashiUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
John SolisUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-9510-979X
Gretchen SheltonUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Indira AlurUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cassandra ReslerUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Andrew HeathUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Savannah EricksenUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.
Scott C ForbesBrandon University, Department of Physical Education Studies, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6896-5552
Bill I CampbellUniversity of South Florida, Performance & Physique Enhancement Lab, Exercise Science Program, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4106-3871

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis systematic review and meta-analysis compared the differential effects of resistance training (RT), aerobic training (AT), and concurrent training (CT) on body mass and body fat loss in metabolically healthy individuals.

methodsA systematic search of PubMed, SportDiscus, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials published between January 1980 and January 2023, comparing RT, AT, and CT in healthy adults was conducted. Primary outcomes of interest included changes in fat mass and body fat percentage; secondary outcomes were body mass and fat-free mass (FFM). Sub-analyses on intervention duration (< or ≥ 10 weeks), CT timing (aerobic and resistance exercises done on the same day versus different days within a week), and workload matching (equating workloads between AT, RT, and CT), were conducted. Study protocols followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and were pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023396530).

resultsIn total, 36 studies with 1564 participants were included in the systematic review, with only 31 studies included in the meta-analysis due to missing data. For studies lasting at least 10 weeks, AT outperformed RT in reducing body mass (mean difference (MD) = -1.82 kg [95% CI = -2.72 to -0.93];

conclusionsWhile there are no differences in percent body fat loss between exercise modes, AT and CT are more effective than RT alone in reducing absolute fat mass; however, RT neither improved nor impeded fat mass loss when incorporated into CT. Combining aerobic and resistance exercises on the same-day or different-day does not appear to influence the effectiveness of CT. When exercise interventions are short in duration (<10 weeks), there does not appear to be a difference in fat loss between exercise modalities. These results support the concurrent use of aerobic and resistance exercises for fat mass reduction, as well as an emphasis on workload and duration when programming exercise for fat loss.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueExerciseResistance TrainingBody CompositionBody Mass IndexHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight Lossbody compositionbodyfatexercise selectionInterference effectlean body mass

Identifiers

PMID40405489
PMCPMC12107660

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.