Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40413409›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025

Predictors of virological outcomes in patients with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Osogbo, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Funso Abidemi Olagunju, Samuel Olorunyomi Oninla, Sunday Charles Adeyemo, Kayode Phillip Fadahunsi, Abimbola Ololade Odeyemi, Eniola Dorcas Olabode, Ayodele Raphael Ajayi, James Ebun Atolagbe, Emmanuel Teju Jolayemi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Funso Abidemi OlagunjuDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria. funso.olagunju@uniosun.edu.ng.
Samuel Olorunyomi OninlaDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Sunday Charles AdeyemoInstitut Superieur de Sante, Niamey, Niger.
Kayode Phillip FadahunsiDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.
Abimbola Ololade OdeyemiDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
Eniola Dorcas OlabodeInstitut Superieur de Sante, Niamey, Niger.
Ayodele Raphael AjayiDepartment of Psychiatry Afe, Babalola University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
James Ebun AtolagbeDepartment of Public Health, Adeleke University, Ede, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Teju JolayemiDepartment of Statistics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVirological outcome is a critical determinant of care in HIV management, as highlighted in the third portion of the UNAIDS 95-95-95 fast-track targets, emphasizing viral load suppression as an essential strategy for epidemiological control of HIV by 2030. There have been various reports regarding Nigeria's recent position, particularly concerning viral load suppression. This study aimed to determine the virological outcomes and associated predictors among HIV-infected individuals on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in three treatment facilities in Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 830 HIV-infected participants recruited from three treatment facilities in Osogbo, Nigeria, over eight months. The participants completed a proforma documenting their sociodemographic and clinical details as well as their responses to questions about HIV care (independent variables). Blood samples were collected for HIV viral load assays, with results defined as good (< 1000 copies/ml) or poor (≥ 1000 copies/ml) virological outcomes. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Associations between dependent (good and poor virological outcomes) and independent variables were assessed using bivariate analysis (Pearson's chi-square test). Multivariate analysis (binomial regression) was employed to determine predictors of virological outcomes. Statistical significance was set at a P value < 0.05, and confidence intervals were calculated at 95%.

resultsThe prevalence rates of poor and good virological outcomes were 15.54% and 84.46%, respectively. Predictors of virological outcomes included residential status, socioeconomic status (middle), adherence to HAART, knowledge of HIV medications and their side effects, comorbidity status, depression, pill quantity, disclosure status, family support, stigma, and discrimination (p < 0.05).

conclusionAlthough the good virological outcome (suppression) prevalence still fell short of the advocated 95%, improving adherence counseling, increasing financial empowerment to ease transportation costs to clinics, and eliminating stigmatization and discrimination in care are needed to enhance and sustain the HIV response.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveHIV InfectionsViral LoadAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaTreatment OutcomeYoung AdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviralHIVOutcomesPredictorsVirological

Identifiers

PMID40413409
PMCPMC12102910

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.