ArticleScientific reports2025
The effects of heavy smoking on oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, vascular dysfunction, and hematological indices.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The impact of almond supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Riboflavin intake and kidney health: population evidence and mechanistic insights from NHANES and molecular docking analyses.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Carotid Plaque Stiffness Assessed Using Ultrasound Shear-Wave Elastography.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2026Article
- Smoking-Related Clinical and Molecular Abnormalities in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Article
- Obesity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Effects on Inflammation, Immune System, Susceptibility to Viral Infections, and Mortality.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Temporal Effects of Cigarette Smoke and Phytochemical-Based E-Liquid Aerosols on Tracheo-Alveolar Histopathology and the IL-6/TNF-α Molecular Signaling Axis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Periodontology: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Implications for Care.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Smoking cessation after first STEMI enhances infarct healing: a cardiac MRI study.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2026Article
- Smoking, Nutritional Status, and Their Associations with Hypertension and Hematological Disorders Among Hotel Workers: Implications for Indonesian Occupational Health Nursing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Gender-Specific Association of Cigarette Smoking with Spirometry and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Parameters in Elite Athletes-Impact of Cigarette Smoking in Elite Athletes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and risk of knee osteoarthritis: A prospective cohort study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Serum lipid profiles and risk of depression: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The Inflammation-Metabolism Axis in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Translational Implications.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Serum DIP2C protein concentration in human colorectal cancer among Yemeni patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Maternal high-fat diet and risk of cardiovascular disease in offspring: a review of mechanisms, controversies, and interventions.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Cigarette Smoking as an Independent Predictor of Endothelial Cell Loss After Cataract Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity negatively correlates with atopic diseases in children but not adults: an exploratory study.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- Exploring the therapeutic synergy of drug-lifestyle interventions in fluorosis: a randomized trial on cardiovascular metabolic outcomes from the China fluorosis cohort (CFC).Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- The Convergent Immunopathogenesis of Cigarette Smoke Exposure: From Oxidative Stress to Epigenetic Reprogramming in Chronic Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Correlation of peripheral blood eosinophil counts with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Smoking remains a major health issue worldwide, causing various diseases. This research examines the effects of heavy smoking on oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, blood vascular health, and hematological parameters. A study conducted at Par Private Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, from April to May 2024 examined 104 male heavy smokers and 94 healthy male nonsmokers. Blood and biopsy samples were collected from both groups. The groups had similar age and body mass index, reducing the chances of confounding factors. Smokers showed significantly higher levels of oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (p = 0.002) and nitric oxide (p = 0.002), and lower superoxide dismutase activity (p < 0.0001) compared to controls. Smokers displayed significantly elevated levels of serum endothelin-1 and interleukin-8 (p < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant rise in myeloperoxidase-positive cells and eosinophilic granule 2-positive eosinophils among smokers, indicating heightened neutrophil and eosinophil activity. Smokers showed elevated neutrophil counts in hematological analysis, while lymphocyte counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio remained unchanged. Oxidative stress parameters, endothelin-1 levels, inflammatory biomarkers, and hematological indices are all significantly influenced by heavy smoking, reflecting systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Public health initiatives are urgently required to address the harmful health consequences of smoking, as indicated by noteworthy changes in inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. The study offers important information on the physical effects of long-term heavy smoking, enhancing our understanding of the health hazards associated with smoking.
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