ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025
Near-infrared fluorescent nanoprobe enables noninvasive, longitudinal monitoring of graft outcome in RPE transplantation.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- EGFR inhibition promotes functional engraftment and graft survival via donor-derived CHI3L1 in fetal RPE suspension transplantation.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Editorial: Imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell transplantation holds therapeutic promise for retinal degenerative diseases, but longitudinal monitoring of graft survival and efficacy remains clinically challenging. The aim of this study is to develop a simple and effective method for the therapeutic quantification of RPE cell transplantation and immune rejection Methods: A nanoprobe was developed and modified to label donor RPE cells, and used to monitor the position and intensity of the fluorescence signal Results: The spatial distribution of the fluorescence signal of the nanoprobe corresponded with the site of transplantation, but the signal intensity decreased over time, while the signal distribution extended to the choroid. Additionally, the nanoprobe fluorescence signal was detected in the liver and spleen during long-term monitoring. Conversely, in mice administered the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A, the decrease in signal intensity was slower and the expansion of the signal distribution was less pronounced. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a significant temporal increase in the proportion of macrophages with nanoprobe-labeled cells following transplantation. The stability and cell-penetrating ability of the nanoprobe enables the labeling of immune cell niches in RPE transplantation. Additionally, scRNA-seq analysis of nanoprobe-labeled cells identified MDK and ANXA1 signaling pathway in donor RPE cells as initiators of the immune rejection cascade, which were further amplified by macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. Conclusion: Near-infrared fluorescent nanoprobes represent a reliable method for
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