Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40419925›Full record

ArticleMedicine2025

Exploring the causal relationship between Hashimoto thyroiditis and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Xi Xiao, Zhengping Xiao, Doufei Shi, Xiaoning Wang, Jie Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xi XiaoDepartment of Geriatrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.ORCID 0009-0004-5658-9704
Zhengping XiaoDepartment of Colorectal Hernia Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
Doufei ShiDepartment of Geriatrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
Xiaoning WangDepartment of Geriatrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
Jie ZhangDepartment of Geriatrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.ORCID 0009-0007-2389-3138

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the possible causal link between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), an autoimmune disorder, and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a common metabolic condition. Using genome-wide association study data from large European populations, we performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with HT and MAFLD/NAFLD, which we used as instrumental variables to probe the causal relationship between these 2 conditions. The forward MR analysis, using the inverse variance weighted method, showed that HT may increase the risk of MAFLD/NAFLD (odds ratio = 1.065, 95% confidence intervals: 1.014-1.119, P = .011). However, the reverse MR analysis did not establish a significant causal effect of MAFLD/NAFLD on HT (P > .05). Sensitivity analyses were carried out to assess potential heterogeneity or pleiotropy, and the results supported the robustness of our findings, indicating no significant concerns. These results suggest that HT may be a risk factor for the development of MAFLD/NAFLD. The bidirectional MR study revealed an elevated risk of MAFLD/NAFLD in individuals with HT, but no causal relationship was found from MAFLD/NAFLD to HT in the opposite direction. This understanding could assist healthcare professionals in improving their comprehension and management of both HT and MAFLD/NAFLD, leading to more comprehensive clinical guidance for patients and promoting the development of interdisciplinary treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Hashimoto DiseaseNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk Factorscausal relationshipHashimoto thyroiditisMendelian randomizationmetabolic-associated fatty liver diseasenonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Identifiers

PMID40419925
PMCPMC12113919

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.