Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40423905›Full record

ArticleNeuroscience bulletin2025

In Vitro and Animal Studies of Human Natural Killer Cell-Derived Exosomes for the Treatment of Otitis Media.

Zirui Zhao, Liqin Wang, Zhen Guo, Kanglun Jiang, Jianghong Xu, Yilai Shu, Christina Y Xu, Jianning Zhang, Yunfeng Wang, Geng-Lin Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroscience bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zirui Zhao *Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Liqin Wang *Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Zhen Guo *School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
Kanglun JiangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Jianghong XuDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Yilai ShuDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
Christina Y XuCollege of Letters and Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Jianning ZhangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China. eternityz@sina.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6733-8511
Yunfeng WangDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. yunfengwang@fudan.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7627-0929
Geng-Lin LiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Institute, and NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. genglin.li@fdeent.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-4284

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear mainly caused by bacteria, and current treatments rely heavily on antibiotics. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains seriously affects their efficacy. In our study, we found that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human natural killer cells (NKs) inhibit the proliferation of both standard and levofloxacin (LVX)-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, compared to LVX, EVs were more effective at reducing effusion and rescuing hearing thresholds in animal models. For LVX-sensitive strains, EVs were significantly more effective in terms of curative time but not curative rate. For LVX-resistant strains, EVs were significantly more effective in terms of both curative rate and curative time when applied alone or applied jointly with LVX. In summary, we found that NK EVs are highly effective in treating otitis media, providing an alternative approach for treating this common disease.

Indexed as

ExosomesKiller Cells, NaturalOtitis MediaAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsDisease Models, AnimalHumansLevofloxacinStaphylococcus aureusAnti-Bacterial AgentsLevofloxacinAnti-bacteriaExtracellular vesicleNatural killer cellOtitis media

Identifiers

PMID40423905
PMCPMC12494528

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.