ArticlePloS one2025
The global health burden of pediatric chronic kidney disease: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease database from 1990 to 2021.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07593001 (THE EFFECT OF THE TRAINING GIVEN ON TIME MANAGEMENT DURING HAEMODIALYSIS ON ANXIETY AND FEAR IN CHILDREN), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The effect of the training given on time management during haemodialysis on anxiety and fear in children
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic Kidney Disease in Children with Suspected Genetic Etiology: Diagnostic Yield and Clinical Implications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of cystatin C for chronic kidney disease in pediatric urologic malformations.Pediatric research · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health challenge; however, its burden on pediatric populations remains underexplored. This study assesses the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of pediatric CKD attributable to type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract from 1990 to 2021.
methodsData were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. CKD burden was stratified by etiology, age, sex, sociodemographic index (SDI), and geography. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs were calculated.
resultsGlobally, CKD-related mortality and DALYs decreased for type 1 diabetes mellitus (-2.176% AAPC), type 2 diabetes mellitus (-1.556%), glomerulonephritis (-0.854%), hypertension (-0.800%), and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (-2.143%). The incidence of hypertension incidence increased (+1.299%). Boys experienced higher incidence and prevalence rates for all etiologies, while girls had more significant reductions in mortality and DALYs. High-SDI regions showed the steepest declines in CKD burden, while low-SDI regions experienced limited reductions and increasing hypertension prevalence.
conclusionsPediatric CKD burden reflects disparities by etiology, geography, and SDI. Interventions to improve early diagnosis, healthcare access, and targeted management strategies, particularly in low-SDI regions, are essential. Addressing obesity and improving treatment for glomerulonephritis are priorities. Standardized diagnostic criteria and broader global efforts are needed to mitigate the burden of pediatric CKD.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.