SynthesisPediatric research2025
Sex differences in the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hypertension: a Bayesian meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety of Sildenafil in Premature Infants with Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (SILDI-SAFE): A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Sex-specific outcomes following chorioamnionitis.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Early-life lung injury and the developing brain: a lung-brain axis perspective on neurodevelopmental disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Time-Series Machine Learning for Prediction of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.The Journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Reconsidering the male disadvantage in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: three exceptions.Pediatric research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is generally considered to be more frequent in males than in females. We conducted a Bayesian model-averaged (BMA) meta-analysis of studies addressing sex differences in the risk of developing different severities of BPD and BPD-associated pulmonary hypertension (BPD-PH).
methodsWe used BMA to calculate Bayes factors (BFs). The BF
resultsWe included 222 studies (541,826 infants). The BMA analysis showed evidence in favor of a male disadvantage in BPD28 (BF
conclusionsWe confirmed the presence of a male disadvantage in moderate-to-severe BPD, but not in less severe forms of BPD or in BPD-PH. The male disadvantage in BPD is much less apparent in the more immature infants. IMPACT: This Bayesian meta-analysis confirms that the risk of developing moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is approximately 20% higher in males than in females. Sex differences in BPD decrease with decreasing gestational age, are heterogeneous across geographic and sociodemographic settings, and have remained persistently stable over time. There is no evidence supporting sex differences in pulmonary hypertension associated with BPD. An important step in the process of individualizing the approach to BPD may be to consider the sex of the infant, as this information can be used to personalize care and potentially improve outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40425846What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.