Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40425992›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2025

Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 as a predictor of recurrence in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Masahiko Ochi, Akinori Hara, Shiori Nakagawa, Megumi Oshima, Shinji Kitajima, Tadashi Toyama, Norihiko Sakai, Miho Shimizu, Yasunori Iwata, Takashi Wada

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Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Masahiko OchiDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Akinori HaraDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan. hara-akinori@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.
Shiori NakagawaDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Megumi OshimaDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Shinji KitajimaDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Tadashi ToyamaDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Norihiko SakaiDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Miho ShimizuDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Yasunori IwataDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Takashi WadaDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe risk factors for the recurrence of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) remain unknown. Previous studies have suggested a potential link between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and urinary protein levels in INS. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between serum MMP-9 levels and the risk of subsequent recurrence in patients with INS.

methodsThis retrospective study included 29 patients with biopsy-proven INS from 1998 to 2016. Baseline serum MMP-9 levels during the nephrotic phase were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequent recurrence was defined as a change in urinary protein levels from remission to more than 2 + on a dipstick test or more than 1 g/g creatinine.

resultsThe median age was 42 years (interquartile range: 26.0, 70.0), and 18 patients were males. Over a median follow-up period of 130 days, 12 patients (41.4%) experienced recurrences. Patients who experienced recurrence were younger and had higher estimated glomerular filtration rates and baseline serum MMP-9 levels during the nephrotic phase than those who did not. Higher baseline serum MMP-9 levels during the nephrotic phase were associated with a higher risk of subsequent recurrence (hazard ratio: 5.687, 95% confidence interval: 1.179-27.44).

conclusionBaseline serum MMP-9 levels during the nephrotic phase were associated with subsequent recurrence in patients with INS, indicating its potential as a predictive marker for future recurrence in patients with INS.

Indexed as

Matrix Metalloproteinase 9Nephrotic SyndromeAdultAgedBiomarkersFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsRecurrenceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung AdultBiomarkersMatrix Metalloproteinase 9MMP9 protein, humanBiomarkerFocal segmental glomerulosclerosisMatrix metalloproteinase-9Minimal change diseaseRecurrence

Identifiers

PMID40425992

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.