Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40426670›Full record

ReviewBrain sciences2025

Is There a Link Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia? A Scoping Review.

István Bitter, Pál Czobor, László Tombor

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

István BitterDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0002-9464-4709
Pál CzoborDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.
László TomborDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0001-9410-5732

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose metabolism are more prevalent among patients with schizophrenia than in the general population. The incidence of T2DM is associated with lifestyle factors that are often influenced by the negative symptoms of schizophrenia; comorbid T2DM may contribute to the reduced life expectancy observed in patients with schizophrenia. The existing literature reveals a scarcity of data regarding the potential causal relationship between T2DM and negative symptoms.

methodsA scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria, utilizing the PubMed database to identify clinical studies investigating the association between T2DM and the negative (but not cognitive) symptom domain of schizophrenia. Subsequently, the reference lists of these identified publications were searched.

resultsSeventeen publications were included. There is evidence supporting the association between impaired glucose tolerance and increased negative symptoms in patients with first-episode psychosis, and several studies indicate that poorer glucose metabolic status correlates with more severe negative symptoms. Patients with T2DM and chronic schizophrenia, however, had milder negative symptom scores compared to those without diabetes, although this association was less pronounced than in early disease stages.

conclusionsThere is insufficient confirmatory evidence regarding the potential causality of T2DM on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Further, preferably prospective studies are needed to explore the complex and potentially causal relationship between T2DM and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. If T2DM were found to have a causal relationship with negative symptoms or to exacerbate pre-existing symptoms, it could lead to significant changes in therapeutic approaches for schizophrenia.

Indexed as

diabetes mellitusimpaired glucose metabolismnegative symptomsreviewschizophreniasecondary negative symptoms

Identifiers

PMID40426670
PMCPMC12110311

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.