Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40427413›Full record

ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

An Overview of Oxidative Stress in Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies in Pediatric Populations.

Roberto Paparella, Fabiola Panvino, Francesca Tarani, Benedetto D'Agostino, Lucia Leonardi, Giampiero Ferraguti, Sabrina Venditti, Fiorenza Colloridi, Ida Pucarelli, Luigi Tarani and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Roberto PaparellaDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7020-1471
Fabiola PanvinoDepartment of Human Neuroscience, Section of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-2683-0052
Francesca TaraniDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-3249-2238
Benedetto D'AgostinoDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Lucia LeonardiDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2554-1263
Giampiero FerragutiDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6129-4071
Sabrina VendittiDepartment of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1112-8096
Fiorenza ColloridiDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0853-873X
Ida PucarelliDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Luigi TaraniDepartment of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5958-9364
Marco FioreInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6806-9715

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), such as Turner syndrome (TS) and Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Pediatric patients with SCAs are particularly susceptible due to hormonal deficiencies, metabolic disturbances, and systemic complications.

methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted in November 2024 using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Keywords included "antioxidants", "oxidative stress", "pediatrics", "Turner syndrome", "Klinefelter syndrome", and "sex chromosome aneuploidies". English-language articles were included without publication year restrictions. Relevant data on oxidative stress mechanisms and antioxidant interventions were systematically extracted.

resultsThe relationship between oxidative stress and SCAs can be described as bidirectional, where oxidative stress both contributes to and is exacerbated by aneuploidies. TS is marked by estrogen deficiency, cardiovascular anomalies, and metabolic dysfunction, all linked to heightened oxidative stress. KS is associated with hypogonadism, metabolic syndrome, and neurocognitive challenges, further exacerbated by oxidative damage. The aneuploid condition predisposes to increased oxidative stress in other SCAs, including 47,XXX and 47,XYY, as well as in high-grade aneuploidies. Emerging evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of antioxidants, including vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione precursors, polyphenols, and melatonin. These interventions, when combined with hormonal therapies such as estrogen replacement in TS or testosterone replacement in KS, demonstrate synergistic effects in restoring redox balance and mitigating systemic complications.

conclusionsOxidative stress significantly impacts the progression of SCAs in pediatric populations, amplifying risks across metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive domains. Early, tailored antioxidant strategies, integrated with syndrome-specific hormonal therapies, could reduce long-term complications and improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on standardizing protocols to optimize these interventions for pediatric patients with SCAs.

Indexed as

antioxidantsKlinefelter syndromeoxidative stresspediatricssex chromosome aneuploidiesTurner syndrome

Identifiers

PMID40427413
PMCPMC12108347

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.