The Potential of Edible Bird's Nests in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Narrative Review.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension being major modifiable risk factors. Functional foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have gained attention for their potential for reducing CVD risk. Edible bird's nest (EBN), a functional food rich in bioactive compounds such as sialic acid, lactoferrin, and glycoproteins, has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This review explores the potential of EBN in mitigating CVD risk factors, focusing on its role in improving lipid profiles, managing obesity, and enhancing glucose metabolism. EBN has been shown to improve the lipid profile by regulating the hepatic cholesterol metabolism and gut-liver axis interactions. Additionally, EBN reduces body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation, improves adipokine regulation, and enhances insulin sensitivity, which may collectively support cardiovascular health. Despite promising findings, clinical evidence remains limited. Future research should focus on clinical trials to validate its efficacy, determine optimal dosages, and assess its long-term safety. Additionally, further studies on EBN's effects on hypertension and its interaction with conventional therapies could enhance its potential role in CVD prevention and management.