Evidence mapPaperPMID 40437390Full record

SynthesisBMC pediatrics2025

Managing pediatric metabolic syndrome: a systematic review of current approaches.

Kasra Talebi Anaraki, Motahar Heidari-Beni, Mehrnoosh Arefian, Roya Kelishadi

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. [APASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of chronic hepatitis B infection: a 2026 update].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kasra Talebi AnarakiChild Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Motahar Heidari-BeniChild Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mehrnoosh ArefianDepartment of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, 0171, Georgia.
Roya KelishadiChild Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. roya.kelishadi@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches in the management and treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to systematically review the effect of different approaches in the management of pediatric MetS.

methodsA systematic search was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to April 15, 2025. All interventional that had assessed the effects of lifestyle modifications in terms of changes in dietary habits, increased physical activity, and pharmacological interventions in the management of pediatrics MetS were included.

resultsAmong 1701 records found in the databases, 31 articles were included. Lifestyle modification, physical exercise, and dietary habits alteration were the commonest effective approaches in modulating MetS. The Mediterranean and DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diets improved the metabolic profile of MetS and reduced its prevalence. Metformin was the most frequently prescribed medication that was prescribed for pediatric MetS. However, its efficacy alone in comparison to lifestyle modifications remains to be determined. The effect of omega-3 supplements on the metabolic profile of MetS cases was inconsistent, but vitamin D supplementation was shown to have some favorable effects. Natural products such as fermented camel milk, grape juice, and pomegranate juice did not show any significant improvement in pediatric MetS.

conclusionMultidisciplinary lifestyle modification is considered the first recommendation for the prevention and management of MetS in childhood. Metformin can be an effective adjuvant therapy to lifestyle modifications in some cases of MetS, especially in children with other comorbidities. TRIAL CODE: CRD42024502835.

Indexed as

Metabolic SyndromeChildDietary SupplementsExerciseHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLife StyleMetforminHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminAdolescentChildLife styleMetabolic syndromeSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40437390
PMCPMC12117906

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.