Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40437455›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2025

Total and regional fat-to-muscle mass ratio and risks of pan-cancer: a prospective cohort study.

Ruizhi Wang, Yudi Xu, Yuyuan Zhang, Yushuai Wu, Anning Zuo, Shutong Liu, Yuhao Ba, Hui Xu, Siyuan Weng, Zhaokai Zhou and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Ruizhi Wang *Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Yudi Xu *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Yuyuan Zhang *Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Yushuai Wu *Shanghai Academy of Artificial Intelligence for Science, Shanghai, China.
Anning ZuoDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Shutong LiuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Yuhao BaDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Hui XuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Siyuan WengDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Zhaokai ZhouDepartment of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450052, China.
Hongxuan MaDepartment of Kidney Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
Peng LuoThe Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Quan ChengDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xinwei HanDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. fcchanxw@zzu.edu.cn.
Zaoqu LiuDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China. liuzaoqu@163.com.

Funding

Science and Technology Department of Henan Province 221100310100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) has served as a marker for various diseases. This study aimed to explore sex-specific associations between FMR in different body regions (whole body, trunk, arm, and leg) and cancer incidence.

methodsWe included 435,986 cancer-free participants (203,133 men and 232,853 women) from the UK Biobank at baseline. FMR was calculated as the ratio of fat mass to muscle mass in each body region. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, along with Cox models incorporating restricted cubic splines (RCS) function, were employed to examine both linear and non-linear associations between FMR and cancer risk in men and women. Additionally, a combined grouping of body mass index (BMI) and FMR was used to assess the joint impact of body composition on cancer incidence.

resultsDuring the follow-up period, 62,060 new cancer cases were recorded. Our analysis showed significant associations between both total and regional FMR and the risk of several cancers. In men, higher whole body FMR was associated with an increased risk of esophagus, stomach, colorectal, liver, pancreas, and kidney cancers, while a decreased risk was observed for prostate and non-melanoma skin cancers (FDR < 0.05). In women, higher FMR was associated with a higher incidence of gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, thyroid, breast, and uterus cancers (FDR < 0.05). Non-linear associations were observed for several cancer types, with specific FMR cut-off points presented using RCS curves. The analysis by combining BMI and FMR suggested potential interaction patterns, revealing some masked risks; for example, a significant increase in cancer incidence was also observed in individuals exhibiting high FMRs despite having low BMI.

conclusionsOur findings suggested that both total and regional FMR may serve as potential biomarkers for assessing the risk of overall and site-specific cancers.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueBody CompositionMuscle, SkeletalNeoplasmsAdultAgedBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited KingdomBody mass indexFat-to-muscle mass ratioPan-cancerUK Biobank

Identifiers

PMID40437455
PMCPMC12121253

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.