Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40437579›Full record

Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2025

Effect of electroencephalography-based motor imagery neurofeedback on mu suppression during motor attempt in patients with stroke.

Seungwoo Cha, Kyoung Tae Kim, Won Kee Chang, Nam-Jong Paik, Ji Soo Choi, Hyunmi Lim, Won-Seok Kim, Jeonghun Ku

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Seungwoo Cha *Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Kyoung Tae Kim *Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Won Kee ChangDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Nam-Jong PaikDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Ji Soo ChoiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Hyunmi LimDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Won-Seok Kim *Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. wondol-1@snu.ac.kr.
Jeonghun Ku *Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea. jeonghun.Ku@gmail.com.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea No.NRF-2022R1A2B5B01001443National Research Foundation of Korea No.NRF-2022R1A2C1006046, RS-2024-00397674SNUBH Research Fund No. 02-2024-0019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe primary aim of this study was to explore the neurophysiological effects of motor imagery neurofeedback using electroencephalography (EEG), specifically focusing on mu suppression during serial motor attempts, and to assess its potential benefits in patients with subacute stroke.

methodsA total of 15 patients with hemiplegia following subacute ischemic stroke were prospectively enrolled in this randomized cross-over study. This study comprised two experiments: neurofeedback and sham. Each experiment included four blocks: three blocks of resting, grasp, resting, and an interventional task, followed by one block of resting and grasp. During the resting sessions, participants fixated on a white cross on a black background for 2 min without moving their upper extremities. In the grasp sessions, participants were instructed to grasp and release their paretic hand at a frequency of about 1 Hz for 3 min while maintaining fixation on the white cross. During the interventional task, the neurofeedback presented a punching image using the affected upper limb, corresponding to the mu suppression induced by imagined movement for 3 min. In contrast, the sham presented an image based on mu suppression data from randomly selected participants. EEG data were recorded throughout the experiment, and data from electrodes C3/C4 and P3/P4 were analyzed to compare the degree of mu suppression between the neurofeedback and sham experiments.

resultsSignificant mu suppression was observed in the bilateral motor and parietal cortices during the neurofeedback experiment compared with the sham across serial sessions (p < 0.001). Following neurofeedback, real grasping sessions showed progressive strengthening of mu suppression in the ipsilesional motor cortex and bilateral parietal cortices compared to sessions following sham (p < 0.05). This effect was not observed in the contralesional motor cortex.

conclusionsMotor imagery neurofeedback significantly enhances mu suppression in the ipsilesional motor and bilateral parietal cortices during motor attempts in patients with subacute stroke. These findings suggest that motor imagery neurofeedback could serve as a promising adjunctive therapy to enhance motor-related cortical activity and support motor rehabilitation in patients with stroke.

Indexed as

ElectroencephalographyImagery, PsychotherapyImaginationIschemic StrokeNeurofeedbackStrokeStroke RehabilitationAdultAgedCross-Over StudiesFemaleHand StrengthHemiplegiaHumansMaleMiddle AgedElectroencephalographyMotor imageryMu suppressionNeurofeedbackRehabilitationStrokeUpper extremity

Identifiers

PMID40437579
PMCPMC12117778

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.