ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells state-implications for various breast cancer subtypes.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Safety analysis of omitting axillary lymph node dissection in early-stage breast cancer with 1-2 sentinel lymph nodes macro-metastases: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment: a new strategy for natural products in breast cancer therapy.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- Role of circular RNAs in regulating toxicity induced by cancer therapies.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- An integrated multiomics-based risk model for predicting the prognosis and immune microenvironment status in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Gland surgery · 2026Article
- Reprogramming Antitumor Immunity: NK Cell Strategies to Navigate the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Research progress on the biological function and molecular mechanism of GDF-15 in solid malignant tumors.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- TRIM29 suppresses malignant progression in lung squamous cell carcinoma by shaping an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Identification of a lactylation-related model for predicting prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Emerging Protein Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Beyond Conventional Therapy.Cancers · 2026Review
- Is There an Immune Effect of Exercise in Patients with Breast Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancers · 2026Review
- The contribution of phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals to breast cancer risk: A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bioinformatic Analysis of Contrasting Expression Patterns and Molecular Interactions of TIMPs in Breast Cancer: Implications for Tumor Progression and Survival.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Article
- Prognostic role of CDCA3 in lung adenocarcinoma with immune infiltration.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of peripheral blood leukocyte parameters, NE-WX, LY-Y, MO-WY, MO-Y, MO-Z, and NE-SFL, in lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic efficacy of fasting insulin-to-C-peptide ratio in exogenous insulin autoimmune syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Plasma cytokine profiles in breast cancer patients and their association with therapeutic response in Peru: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of secondary induction radiotherapy in locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with poor responses to neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio as a subtype-specific biomarker in breast cancer prognosis: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Review
- Regulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicine on the breast-cancer immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer presents a variety of subtypes due to its cellular and molecular heterogeneity. The capacity of cancer cells to proliferate, invade, and metastasize depends not only on their intrinsic characters but also on their dynamic interaction with the host tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes immune cells. Meanwhile, the infiltration of immune cells in the TME severely affects the occurrence, development, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. Therefore, this review aims to explore the immune invasive tumor microenvironment in different intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer. Additionally, it highlights the mechanistic influence of the infiltrating immune cells on stage-wise dynamics of breast tumorigenesis. Moreover, the present review also attempts to discern the regulatory relationship between tumor infiltrating immune cells and immune microenvironment in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer, thus, spotlighting its clinical significance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.