Evidence mapPaperPMID 40438518Full record

ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2025

Effect of isometric resistance exercise on blood pressure in normotensive adults: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.

Ramon Martins Barbosa, Alan Carlos Nery Dos Santos, Marvyn de Santana do Sacramento, Clarcson Plácido Conceição Dos Santos, Pedro Elias Santos Souza, Uilma Sacramento Santana, Jefferson Petto

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ramon Martins BarbosaDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4167-1519
Alan Carlos Nery Dos SantosDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-1555
Marvyn de Santana do SacramentoDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0851-9950
Clarcson Plácido Conceição Dos SantosDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7598-3775
Pedro Elias Santos SouzaDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-6738
Uilma Sacramento SantanaDepartment of Health Sciences, Northeast Adventist University Center, Cachoeira, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-771X
Jefferson PettoDepartment of Research and Postgraduate Studies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-6226

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Isometric resistance exercise (IRE), characterized by static muscle contractions, has demonstrated potential in reducing blood pressure (BP). A meta-analysis revealed significant reductions in systolic (SBP) (6 mmHg), diastolic (DBP) (3 mmHg) and mean (3 mmHg) blood pressure. Although the effects of IRE in hypertensive individuals are known, its impact in normotensive adults is still poorly studied. This study evaluates IRE as a preventive strategy for hypertension. The objective of this study is to describe the effect of IRE on BP in normotensive adults. Methods: A systematic review registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024496749) was carried out using the PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, Scopus, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The descriptors "Resistance Training", "Isometric Exercise" and "Blood Pressure" were used. Randomized clinical trials investigating IRE in normotensive adult individuals were included, assessing the outcomes of SBP, DBP and/or mean arterial pressure (MAP). There were no restrictions on the period of publication. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 3,195 articles were identified, but only 5 were included in the review. The included studies, published between 2000 and 2022, had a parallel design and involved 142 normotensive, sedentary or regularly active volunteers aged between 19 and 34 years old. The exercise protocols for the experimental group consisted of IRE at an intensity of 20% to 34% of maximum voluntary contraction, 4 sets of 2 to 3 minutes each, with rest intervals of 2 to 3 minutes, performed 2 to 5 times a week for 3 to 8 weeks. IRE led to a significant reduction in SBP, DBP and MAP. The main mechanisms associated with this reduction were the release of vasodilator substances, a reduction in oxidative stress and an improvement in autonomic balance. All the studies included had moderate to high methodological quality. Conclusions: IRE reduces systolic, diastolic and MAP in normotensive individuals.

Indexed as

Blood pressure (BP)exercisehemodynamicsrehabilitationresistance training

Identifiers

PMID40438518
PMCPMC12106110

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.