Evidence mapPaperPMID 40439410Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2025

Characterization of Adult and Pediatric Healthcare-Associated and Community-Associated Clostridioides difficile Infections, Canada, 2015-2022.

Tim Du, Anada Silva, Kelly B Choi, Cassandra Lybeck, George R Golding, Romeo Hizon, Sean Ahmed, Nicole Anderson, Suzanne Bakai-Anderson, Blanda Chow and 26 more

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Tim Du
Anada Silva
Kelly B Choi
Cassandra Lybeck
George R Golding
Romeo Hizon
Sean Ahmed
Nicole Anderson
Suzanne Bakai-Anderson
Blanda Chow
Ian Davis
Meghan Engbretson
Gerald A Evans
Charles Frenette
Matthew Garrod
Jennie Johnstone
Kevin C Katz
Pamela Kibsey
Joanne M Langley
Jenine Leal
Jenna Leamon
Bonita E Lee
Diane Lee
Yves Longtin
Dominik Mertz
Jessica Minion
Ericka Oates
Michelle Science
Jocelyn A Srigley
Kathryn N Suh
Nisha Thampi
Reena Titoria
Kristen Versluys
Alice Wong
Jeannette L Comeau
Susy S Hota

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We investigated epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of healthcare-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) among adult and pediatric patients in Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program hospitals during 2015-2022. Of 30,824 reported CDI cases, 94.9% (29,250/30,824) were among adult (73.2% HA; 26.8% CA) and 5.1% (1,574/30,824) pediatric (77.6% HA; 22.4% CA) patients. During the study period, adult HA CDI rates decreased by 19.9% and CA CDI rates remained stable; pediatric HA CDI rates decreased by 29.6% and CA CDI decreased by 58.3%. Ribotype (RT) 106 was most common among both groups and replaced RT027 as the predominant strain type. RT027 was most associated with adult patients, HA acquisition, severe CDI, and severe outcomes. Moxifloxacin resistance was higher in adult than pediatric cases; clindamycin and rifampin resistance rates were similar between groups. Continued national surveillance is integral to understanding the epidemiology of adult and pediatric CDI in Canada and informing prevention efforts.

Indexed as

Clostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsCross InfectionAdolescentAdultAgedAnti-Bacterial AgentsCanadaChildChild, PreschoolDrug Resistance, BacterialFemaleHistory, 21st CenturyHumansInfantAnti-Bacterial Agentsadult CDIantimicrobial resistancebacteriaCanadaClostridioides difficileClostridioides difficile infectioncommunity-associated CDIenteric infectionshealthcare-associated CDIhealthcare-associated infectionnosocomialpediatric CDIribotype

Identifiers

PMID40439410
PMCPMC12123908

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.