ArticleBiological psychiatry2026
Sex and Hormonal Effects on Drug Cue Reactivity and Its Regulation in Human Addiction.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting cortico-striatal-amygdalar networks via theta-band frontoparietal synchronization in opioid use disorder: a randomized tACS-fMRI Trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Menstrual cycle-dependent white matter microstructural dynamics in women with substance use disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A cognitive computational framework for ovarian hormone modulation of addiction.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Can the incentive-sensitization theory of addiction incorporate addiction to opioid drugs?Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Examining the impact of maternal oxycodone self-administration during gestation in a translational model.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific neural responses to smartphone cues in young adults.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- The Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution Model of Drug Addiction: Recent Neuroimaging Evidence and Future Directions.Annual review of psychology · 2026Review
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe underlying corticostriatal mechanisms of sex and hormonal effects in addiction are unknown, limiting the development of personalized treatments.
methodsThirty-two women (age = 38.85 ± 9.84 years) with heroin use disorder (HUD) or cocaine use disorder (CUD) (HUD = 16; CUD = 16) and 49 age-matched men (age = 41.96 ± 9.71 years) with HUD were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with a subgroup of women (HUD = 3; CUD = 13) scanned twice, during the late-follicular and mid-luteal phases.
resultsWomen showed higher medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) drug cue reactivity while men showed higher frontal eye field (FEF)/dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) drug reappraisal as associated with lower cue-induced drug craving. In women, drug cue reactivity was higher during the follicular phase in the FEF/dlPFC, whereas drug reappraisal was higher during the luteal phase in the anterior PFC/orbitofrontal cortex. The more the estradiol during the follicular versus luteal phase (Δ), the higher the Δdrug cue reactivity in the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC), which also correlated with higher Δdrug craving (observed also in the inferior frontal gyrus). The more the Δestradiol, the lower the Δdrug reappraisal in the vmPFC, anterior PFC, and striatum. Conversely, during the luteal versus follicular phase, the Δprogesterone/estradiol ratio was positively associated with Δdrug reappraisal in the dlPFC.
conclusionsCompared with men with HUD, women with HUD/CUD show more corticostriatal drug cue reactivity and less PFC drug reappraisal activity, an effect driven by the follicular compared with the luteal phase and directly related to craving and fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone, with the former constituting a vulnerability and the latter a protective factor, providing insights for developing precisely timed and hormonally informed treatments for women with HUD/CUD.
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