Evidence mapPaperPMID 40443829Full record

ArticleCardiology and cardiovascular medicine2025

Nutrition, Gut Microbiota, and Epigenetics in the Modulation of Immune Response and Metabolic Health.

Sabrin Bacaloni, Devendra K Agrawal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Cardiopulmonary Benefits of Exercise in Adolescents.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sabrin BacaloniDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA.
Devendra K AgrawalDepartment of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA.

Funding

Novel Molecular Target to Prevent Maturation Failure of Arteriovenous FistulaR01HL147662 · NHLBI · WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Devendra K. Agrawal · 2022 to 2022
$705k
Research Education Program to Promote Diversity in Immunologic and Allergic DiseasesR25AI179582 · WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES · 2025 to 2025
$379k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL147662NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI179582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune system function is intricately shaped by nutritional status, dietary patterns, and gut microbiota composition. Micronutrients such as vitamins A, C, D, E, B-complex, zinc, selenium, iron, and magnesium are critical for maintaining physical barriers, supporting immune cell proliferation, and regulating inflammation. Macronutrients-including proteins, fats, and carbohydrates-also modulate immune responses through their impact on immune metabolism and the gut-immune axis. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression, mediate the long-term effects of diet on immune function and tolerance. Diet-induced alterations in gut microbiota further influence immune homeostasis via microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids. Imbalanced diets, particularly the Western diet, contribute to immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. While plant-based and Mediterranean dietary patterns have shown anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory benefits, gaps remain in understanding the long-term epigenetic impacts of these diets. This review integrates current knowledge on how nutrition and the microbiome regulate immunity, highlighting future directions for personalized dietary strategies in preventing chronic immune-related conditions.

Indexed as

Dietary patternsDNA methylationEpigeneticsGut microbiotaHistone modificationImmune dysfunctionImmune regulationImmunityInflammationMacronutrientsMediterranean dietMicronutrientsMicroRNAsNutritionObesityPlant-based dietShort-chain fatty acidsType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40443829
PMCPMC12121961

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.