Evidence mapPaperPMID 40445431Full record

ArticleCellular and molecular neurobiology2025

Hypercholesterolemia Duration and Brain Area Determine Inflammatory Response Intensity and Apoptotic Mediator Activation in Apo E

Ewelina Czuba-Pakuła, Jolanta Ochocińska, Sebastian Głowiński, Alicja Braczko, Ryszard T Smoleński, Grażyna Lietzau, Przemysław Kowiański

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ewelina Czuba-PakułaDivision of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland. ewelina.czuba-pakula@gumed.edu.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-6897
Jolanta OchocińskaDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4493-103X
Sebastian GłowińskiInstitute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-6313
Alicja BraczkoDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4394-0292
Ryszard T SmoleńskiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0190-9414
Grażyna LietzauDivision of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-3082
Przemysław KowiańskiDivision of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland. przemyslaw.kowianski@gumed.edu.pl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-5780

Funding

Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki MB 664/211/63/73-3314Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki ST-11
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia (Hch) is a risk factor for cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, manifesting with symptoms that vary depending on damage to specific brain regions. Hch triggers inflammatory responses and cell death. However, the progression of these processes in relation to the duration of Hch and the location of pathology in the central nervous system remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate (1) the impact of age and duration of Hch on neuroinflammatory responses and programmed cell death in the brain and (2) the intensity of these processes in various brain areas during Hch. In this study, we used 3-, 6-, and 12-month-old male Apo E

Indexed as

Apolipoproteins EApoptosisBrainHypercholesterolemiaInflammationInflammation MediatorsReceptors, LDLAnimalsCytokinesMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutApolipoproteins ECytokinesInflammation MediatorsReceptors, LDLApoptosisAtherosclerosisCytokinesHypercholesterolemiaNeurodegenerationNeuroinflammation

Identifiers

PMID40445431
PMCPMC12125462

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.