ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2025
Changes in psychosis-related emergency department and hospitalization rates among youth following cannabis legalization in Colorado.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emergency department use by individuals with and without psychosis after state-level cannabis legalization and commercialization.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Hallucinogen-Psychosis Associations Are Confounded by Baseline Psychiatric History.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2026Article
- The rising tide of drug-induced psychosis.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026Review
- Adolescent Cannabis Use After Cannabis Legalization and the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Cannabis, psychosis, and violence: case reports and comprehensive evidence review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- One year after partial legalisation in Germany: Trends in cannabis use among young people between 2008 and 2025.Journal of health monitoring · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An increasing number of U.S. states have legalized cannabis, but the effect on adolescent and young adult psychosis-related hospitalizations remains under-studied. Using data from Denver Health between 2005 and 2020, we examined associations between implementation of the Ogden Memo (expanding use of medical cannabis in Colorado, October 2009) and Amendment 64 (legalizing adult-use cannabis in Colorado, November 2012) and trends in psychosis-related emergency department and hospital visits with and without cannabis use disorder (CUD) among youth aged 10-29. Patients with psychosis hospitalizations were predominately male (68 %), white (53 %), and Medicaid recipients (59 %). Significant increases (p < 0.05) were observed in the monthly average rate of psychosis hospitalizations between pre-Ogden memo (21.9 per 100,000) and post-Ogden memo pre-legalization (28.0 per 100,000) and post-legalization (32.3 per 100,000). Similarly, significant increases (p < 0.05) were observed in the monthly average rate of psychosis hospitalizations involving CUD between pre-Ogden memo (2.0 per 100,000), post-Ogden memo and pre-legalization (3.4 per 100,000), and post-legalization (8.5 per 100,000). Interrupted time series modeling found a significant difference in the trends for psychosis hospitalizations involving CUD following recreational legalization (change in average monthly rate went from 0.02/100,000 (95 % CI -0.02, 0.06) to 0.11/100,000 (95 % CI 0.09, 0.13), (difference (0.09 (95 %CI 0.05, 0.14)). Findings suggest an increase in overall hospital encounters for psychosis among youth after the legalization of recreational cannabis. Given the adoption of increasingly permissive cannabis laws, there is a need to plan effective public health responses that could mitigate unintended consequences related to cannabis use.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.