ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2025
Chronic Kidney Disease of unexplained cause (CKDx): a consensus statement by the Genes & Kidney Working Group of the ERA.
Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- The updated global burden of chronic kidney disease: one death every 20 seconds.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Review
- Genetic kidney disease in adults-the pathologists' perspective.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Review
- Primary hyperoxaluria type 1-current practice in the siRNA era: an ERA Genes & Kidney Working Group survey.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Abstract submissions to the ERA Congress: what they tell us about nephrology's trajectory.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Yield and Clinical Utility of Genetic Testing in Turkish Adults with Suspected Inherited Kidney Disease: Insights from a Population with High Parental Consanguinity.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2026Article
- ERA's ABCDE framework for kidney disease prevention: turning the WHO kidney health resolution into action.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Article
- Utility of Urinary β2-Microglobulin for Detection of Renal Sarcoidosis Without Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Thrombotic microangiopathy after kidney transplantation: diagnosis and management strategies.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Screening for genetic kidney diseases in a dialysis cohort via exome sequencing.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Genetic testing in chronic kidney disease of uneXplained cause (CKDx): clinical insights and evolving diagnostic paradigms.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2026Article
- Improving precision diagnosis in unexplained CKD.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology: a real-world study.BMC nephrology · 2025Observational
- 10 tips on how to take a proper family history in CKD patient care.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease of unexplained cause (CKDx) is a diagnosis of exclusion. With an estimated global prevalence of at least 16-20% among CKD patients, CKDx poses a significant challenge to the field. To date, there is no established consensus on the definition of CKDx. Additionally, guidance on the diagnosis and reporting of CKDx remains lacking. CKDx is characterized by the inability to identify a specific etiology after comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including laboratory tests, imaging, and histological or genetic analyses. This condition encompasses diverse clinical scenarios, which vary depending on the availability of diagnostic resources across healthcare systems. Notably, as the diagnostic yield of genetic testing in CKDx ranges from 11 to over 30% in the literature, it has become an integral part of the diagnostic armamentarium for patients with CKDx. This consensus statement of the working group 'Genes&Kidney' of the European Renal Association proposes a definition of CKDx, along with recommendations for the diagnostic approach and diagnostic reporting standards, including guidance on genetic workup as a key tool in a large proportion of such cases. Improved reporting standards, including the systematic documentation of diagnostic tests performed, are essential to avoid the negative therapeutic consequences of misdiagnoses, address the diagnostic gap in CKDx, and inform future research. By fostering a cause-directed approach, this work aims to enhance patient care and lay the foundation for further advancements in nephrology.
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Registered trials
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