SynthesisPloS one2025
Effects of nutritional interventions on nutritional and immunological status and adherence to antiretroviral treatment among adults living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Perceptions and impact of a multisectoral nutrition-sensitive agricultural program among people living with HIV in Senegal, West Africa: A pilot study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Perspectives on the Impacts of a Food Support Program on the Well-Being of People Living With HIV (PLHIV) and on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in Khomas Region, Namibia.AIDS research and treatment · 2026Article
- Effects of spirulina supplementation on growth parameters in malnourished children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2025Review
- Depressive Symptoms and Clinical and Nutritional Outcomes among Adults Living with HIV Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHIV/AIDS may cause malnutrition, both directly and indirectly, through common infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of nutritional interventions on nutritional status, immunological status, adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART), and food security among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
methodFive databases-MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL-were searched for articles on August 17, 2021, with an updated search conducted on September 30, 2023 to identify new records. Studies were considered eligible if they included adults living with HIV/AIDS who recently initiated ART, if they were controlled trials that provided nutritional interventions, and if they assessed the relevant nutritional, immunological and adherence outcomes. The effects of nutritional interventions were analyzed using a random-effects model.
resultsThe systematic review comprised 22 articles from 12 LMICs, while the meta-analysis included 19 articles. The interventions provided lipid-based nutrient supplements, corn-soy blends, food baskets, conditional cash, prepared meals, micronutrient supplementation, and functional foods to PLWHA. Compared to controls, nutritional interventions for PLWHA significantly improved their body mass index (standardized mean difference, 95% confidence interval) (SMD 0.42; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.81; p = 0.03), fat mass (SMD 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.34; p = 0.002), fat-free mass (SMD 0.33; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.46; p < 0.0001), and CD4 (SMD 0.54; 95% CI: 0.01, 1.07; p = 0.05), but had no effect on their weight, viral load, or adherence to ART. The baseline nutritional and immunological characteristics of PLWHA, as well as the intervention characteristics, further modified these effects.
conclusionNutritional interventions improved some nutritional and immunological indicators but not ART adherence among PLWHA. Additionally, their effects were modified by some baseline characteristics and the type and duration of interventions which require consideration before its scaling up.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.