Evidence mapPaperPMID 40461580Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Relationship of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level with pre-diabetes and newly detected type 2 diabetes.

Qingfang He, Lixin Wang, Yujia Fang, Mingbin Liang, Xiangyu Chen, Ruying Hu, Jieming Zhong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Qingfang HeZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Lixin WangZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Yujia FangZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Mingbin LiangZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Xiangyu ChenZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Ruying HuZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China.
Jieming ZhongZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China. jmzhong@cdc.zj.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To evaluate the relationship of serum small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) level with pre-diabetes (PD) and newly detected type 2 diabetes (NT2D) in a Chinese adults population, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 from May 26 to September 17. Permanent residents at the age of 30-69 years who lived in two communities in Zhejiang Province, China, and participated in a community health checkup were selected as the survey objects. According to their fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, the eligible subjects were divided into normal blood glucose group, PD group, and NT2D group. Logistic regression model was used to explore the effect of sdLDL-C level on PD and NT2D, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) was adopted to display the nonlinear dose-response relationship of sdLDL-C with the prevalence of PD and NT2D. A total of 3570 subjects were included with a median age of 58 (52, 64) years, and 58.7% (2097) were women. The prevalence of PD was 53.6% (1913 cases), and NT2D was 9.2% (327 cases). Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling the confounding factors (including LDL-C), for every 0.1 mmol/L increase in sdLDL-C, the risk of developing PD and NT2D increased by 3.4% (OR = 1.034, 95%CI:1.002-1.067) and 15.7% (OR = 1.157, 95%CI: 1.097-1.220), respectively. The RCS curves showed that with the increase of sdLDL-C, both the risk of PD (P = 0.037) and NT2D (P < 0.001) increased, but there were no nonlinear dose-response relationships between sdLDL-C with PD (P for non-linearity = 0.142) and NT2D (P for non-linearity = 0.227). Subjects are at increased risk of PD and NT2D with increase of serum sdLDL-C level. sdLDL-C is a promising risk factor for PD and NT2D independent of LDL-C.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, LDLDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Prediabetic StateAdultAgedBlood GlucoseChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsBlood GlucoseCholesterol, LDLGlycated HemoglobinPre-diabetesRestricted cubic splineSmall dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterolType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40461580
PMCPMC12134114

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.