ArticleBMC public health2025
Sex-specific associations of the Dietary Inflammatory Index with cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive adults: a cohort study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Association of prognostic nutritional index with all-cause and CVD mortality in hypertensive individuals.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association between the dietary obesity-prevention score and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: an exploratory subgroup analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Associations of dietary indices with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive adults.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to investigate the associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and cardiovascular (CV)/non-CV mortality in hypertensive individuals, and to explore sex-specific differences.
methodsSixteen thousand six hundred twenty-three individuals with hypertension were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018 and divided into groups of males and females. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, competing risk regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS), propensity score matching (PSM), and decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate the associations between the DII and CV/non-CV mortality.
resultsAfter fully adjusting for potential confounders, individuals with the highest DII score had a 35 percent higher CV mortality than those with the lowest DII score, observed in females but not in males. Across the cohort, there was a significant association between DII and non-CV mortality. RCS results showed that DII had an S-shaped association with CV mortality and a J-shaped association with non-CV mortality in hypertensive individuals.
conclusionsIn patients with hypertension, we found sex differences in the association between DII and CV mortality. High DII was only associated with increased CV mortality in females with hypertension, but not in males. Higher DII was also associated with increased non-CV mortality.
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Registered trials
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