ArticleClinical therapeutics2025
Sex differences in time to testing for pulmonary embolism in the emergency department: a survival analysis.
Article in Clinical therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveFemale patients experience delays in diagnostic testing for major cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The objective of this study was to assess sex differences in the time to initial diagnostic testing among emergency department (ED) patients evaluated for pulmonary embolism (PE).
methodsThe sample included 15,038 adult patients evaluated for PE in 3 EDs from 2017 to 2023. The primary outcome was the time from ED arrival to the first order of a diagnostic test. Secondary outcomes included time to CT scan completion and time to admission for patients diagnosed with PE. Data on patient demographics, medical history, diagnostic test orders, and ED-operational factors were extracted from the electronic medical record. We performed survival analysis with a Cox proportional hazards model using an elastic net regression strategy for variable selection. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to measure the average marginal association of female sex with time to first PE test order.
resultsFemale sex was associated with a slower time to first PE test (hazard ratio (HR) 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88, 0.95], p<0.001) with an average delay of 7.2 minutes [95% CI 4.6, 9.8] compared to male patients. Secondary outcomes noted similar delays to CT scan completion (HR 0.85 [95% CI 0.8, 0.89], average 14.1 minutes [95% CI 9.3, 18.8]) and hospital admission (HR 0.83 [95% CI 0.71, 0.98], average 18.7 minutes [95% CI 1, 36.4]) for female patients compared to males.
conclusionsFemale patients experience slower times to diagnostic testing for PE in the emergency department. Future research should examine sex-associated delays to anticoagulation and other treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.