Evidence mapPaperPMID 40468229Full record

ArticleBMC nephrology2025

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 as biomarkers of renal scarring in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract: a prospective case-control study.

Aylin Gençler, Hakim Çelik, Fatih Padalı, Abit Demir, Safiye Kafadar

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Article in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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2 citing papers in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Aylin GençlerDepartment of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. aylinsam@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-8212-5776
Hakim ÇelikDepartment of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-7565-3394
Fatih PadalıDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0003-3278-4148
Abit DemirDepartment of Pediatric Health and Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-6400-1841
Safiye KafadarDepartment of Radiology, Necla Mithat Öztüre State Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0003-4070-9615

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCongenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) represent a diverse group of structural malformations that can lead to renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease in children. Although hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) have been suspected of fibrotic processes in kidney diseases, their roles in CAKUT-related renal fibrosis remain unclear. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the relationships between serum levels of HIF-1α and NRF2 and renal elastography findings, i.e., shear wave velocity (SWV) in children with CAKUT-related renal scarring compared to healthy control children.

methodsThe population of this cross-sectional study consisted of all consecutive children aged between one month and 18 years who were diagnosed with CAKUT at a tertiary referral center in Sanliurfa, Turkey, between January 2023 and April 2024. The patient group consisted of 44 children in whom dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan revealed CAKUT-related renal scarring, and the control group consisted of 44 healthy children matched with the patient group in terms of age and gender.

resultsChildren with CAKUT had significantly higher serum HIF-1α (p < 0.001) and NRF2 levels (p < 0.001) compared to controls. SWV values were also markedly elevated in the CAKUT group (p < 0.001), reflecting increased renal stiffness. A weak but significant positive correlation was found between HIF-1α levels and SWV values in the CAKUT group (r = 0.314, p = 0.038). However, this correlation was not observed when children with unilateral kidney agenesis were excluded (p = 0.075).

conclusionsElevated HIF-1α and NRF2 levels were found to be associated with renal scarring in children with CAKUT, highlighting their potential roles as biomarkers for renal fibrosis. The correlation between HIF-1α levels and SWV values suggests that HIF-1α may serve as a predictor of renal fibrosis.

Indexed as

CicatrixHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitKidneyNF-E2-Related Factor 2Urogenital AbnormalitiesAdolescentBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesElasticity Imaging TechniquesFemaleFibrosisHumansInfantBiomarkersHIF1A protein, humanHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha SubunitNFE2L2 protein, humanNF-E2-Related Factor 2Congenital abnormalitiesHypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha subunitKidneysKidney scarringNuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2Urinary tract

Identifiers

PMID40468229
PMCPMC12139382

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