Evidence mapPaperPMID 40469293Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Pharmacogenomics of TNF inhibitors.

Zainab Jan, Farah El Assadi, Dinesh Velayutham, Borbala Mifsud, Puthen Veettil Jithesh

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Genomic Impacts of Biological Exposures.Journal of developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Biosimilars in Adult and Pediatric Noninfectious Uveitis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zainab Jan *College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
Farah El Assadi *College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
Dinesh VelayuthamCollege of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
Borbala MifsudCollege of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
Puthen Veettil JitheshCollege of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi) are biologic drugs that target TNFα, a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, to suppress disease activity and alleviate symptoms of various autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. This review focuses on the five US FDA-approved TNFi including the monoclonal antibodies Infliximab, Adalimumab, Golimumab, Certolizumab pegol and the soluble TNFα receptor fusion protein Etanercept, with a brief mention of other available biosimilars to TNFi. The review aims to summarize the recent evidence on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenomics of TNFi with a particular focus on Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) variants in terms of their genetic contribution to the response to TNFi. HLA variants have been linked to heterogeneity in the efficacy and safety of TNFi among patients. Building on the summarized evidence, the last part of the review discusses the potential clinical utility of testing for pharmacogenetic variants that are linked to the response to TNFi prior to the drug prescription, and it also addresses the future directions to achieve personalized treatment for TNFi users.

Indexed as

PharmacogeneticsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTumor Necrosis Factor InhibitorsAntibodies, MonoclonalHLA AntigensHumansInflammatory Bowel DiseasesPharmacogenomic VariantsAntibodies, MonoclonalHLA AntigensTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaTumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitorsdrug efficacy and safetygenetic variantshuman leukocyte antigenpharmacogenomicsTNF inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40469293
PMCPMC12133927

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.