ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025
Threshold of phenylacetylglutamine changes: exponential growth between age and gut microbiota in stroke patients.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gut microbiota metabolic reprogramming drives the development of metabolic diseases in the host.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Dietary Nutrients, Gut Microbiota, and Cardiac Function: From Metabolic Mechanisms to Clinical Applications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of multi-organ damage in Wilson disease from the gut-liver-brain axis perspective: copper metabolism, gut microbiota, and metabolite communication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, is linked to increased platelet reactivity and thrombosis risk. However, its relationship with age, particularly the non-linear patterns in ischemic stroke patients, remains unclear. Objectives: To explore the non-linear relationship between age and plasma PAGln levels in ischemic stroke patients, focusing on identifying exponential growth trends and critical age thresholds. Design setting and participants: This single-center, prospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2022 to December 2023. A total of 121 patients with ischemic stroke were consecutively enrolled. Demographic information, lifestyle factors, stroke characteristics, and comorbidities were systematically collected. Plasma PAGln levels were measured using rapid resolution liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Generalized additive models and smoothing curve fitting were applied to assess non-linear relationships between age and PAGln levels, with threshold effect analysis used to identify age breakpoints. Multivariable regression models were applied to adjust for confounders, and subgroup analyses tested the robustness of findings. Main outcomes and measures: Plasma PAGln levels and their association with age in ischemic stroke patients, evaluated through non-linear models and regression analysis. Results: Significant differences in PAGln levels were found across age quartiles ( Conclusions and relevance: A non-linear exponential relationship exists between age and plasma PAGln levels in ischemic stroke patients, with a marked increase after 71 years. Elevated PAGln levels in elderly patients suggest significant metabolic dysregulation, potentially raising thrombosis risk. Monitoring PAGln levels in stroke patients over 71 years could provide valuable insights for personalized interventions to reduce thrombotic complications.
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Registered trials
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