ArticleAnnals of neurology2025
Regional and Global Changes in Brain Structure 1-Year Post Pediatric "Mild" Traumatic Brain Injury.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of brain structural and functional alterations in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Investigating acute-to-subacute neuroanatomical outcomes and the role of sex and age in adolescent concussion: A PedCARE+MRI substudy.Neuroimage. Reports · 2026Article
- Long-term functional outcomes following pediatric decompressive craniectomy for traumatic brain injury.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Injury Severity Influences Long-Term Cognitive Control in Pediatric "Mild" Traumatic Brain Injury.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Sleep Disturbances and Cognition, Behavior, and Brain Structure in Children With mTBI.JAMA network open · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDespite the high prevalence of pediatric "mild" traumatic brain injury (pmTBI), very little is known about the long-term effects of injury on brain structure and how injuries manifest in the context of dynamic and regionally specific neurodevelopmental changes.
methodsProspective study design characterizing long-term effects of pmTBI on both global (brain age) and regional (hippocampal volume, hippocampal subfields, and cortical thickness) brain structure at approximately 7 days, 4 months, and 1-year post-injury. A large sample of age- and sex-matched healthy controls was imaged at identical temporal intervals to account for typical neurodevelopmental changes, and to assess how trauma potentially affects developmental trajectories.
resultsA total of 269 pmTBI (age = 14.4 ± 2.9; 41.6% female) and 232 healthy controls (age = 14.1 ± 2.9; 44.8% female) were included in the final analyses (>70% 1-year retention). Results demonstrated that the presence of loss of consciousness and/or post-traumatic amnesia was associated with increased brain age up to 1-year post-injury, increased frontal cortical thickness at 4 months, as well as hippocampal atrophy across all time points relative to controls. "Mild" head trauma also interfered with hippocampal neurodevelopment in a dose-dependent fashion, including within the CA1 subfield. In contrast, post-concussive symptom burden was not associated with any structural abnormalities or alterations to neurodevelopment.
interpretationCurrent findings suggest a dose-dependent relationship between injury severity and alterations in both global and regional brain structure within the spectrum of pmTBI. Our results emphasize the importance of using objective biomarkers rather than subjective self-reported symptoms to better understand the long-term effects of injury. ANN NEUROL 2025;98:341-353.
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