Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40478389›Full record

ReviewOphthalmology and therapy2025

Systemic Effects of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapy: A Review of Safety across Organ Systems.

Mousumi Banerjee, Sikshya Moharana, Srikanta Kumar Padhy

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
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  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Systemic and ocular complications related to intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents.Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation ophthalmology journal · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Atypical p38 Kinase Signaling in Retinal Vascular Damage and Recovery.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mousumi BanerjeeMaharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, India.
Sikshya MoharanaAnant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.
Srikanta Kumar PadhyAnant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India. srikantkumar.padhy19@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-5851

Funding

Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation Intramural Grant
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies have transformed the management of retinal diseases such as diabetic macular edema and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. However, concerns about their systemic absorption and potential adverse effects on overall health remain. In this review, we systematically aggregate existing literature on the systemic impact of anti-VEGF therapy, with a detailed analysis of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of individual drugs. By examining their metabolism, clearance, and systemic exposure, we aim to clarify the extent of their effects beyond the eye. We further explore their influence on renal and cardiovascular health, with evidence suggesting a generally safe profile in the short term but potential risks in high-risk patients, particularly those with preexisting kidney or heart conditions. Additionally, this review addresses the critical concerns surrounding anti-VEGF use in special populations, including pregnant and lactating women and neonates with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We discuss the potential risks, the safest options available, and precautionary measures that should be taken when administering these therapies in these groups. While anti-VEGFs remain an essential tool in ophthalmology, careful patient selection, monitoring, and individualized treatment approaches are necessary to mitigate potential systemic risks. Further research is needed to refine our understanding of long-term safety.

Indexed as

Anti-VEGF therapyAnti-VEGF use in pregnancy and lactationCardiovascular risksPharmacodynamics of anti-VEGFPharmacokinetics of anti-VEGFRenal effectsRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP)Systemic safety

Identifiers

PMID40478389
PMCPMC12271010

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.