Evidence mapPaperPMID 40487442Full record

ArticleiScience2025

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors considerably affect the salivary microbiome in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Daisuke Hisamatsu, Hiroaki Masuoka, Haruka Takeshige-Amano, Rina Kurokawa, Yusuke Ogata, Wataru Suda, Taku Hatano, Daisuke Asaoka, Yo Mabuchi, Yuna Naraoka and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Daisuke HisamatsuIntractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Hiroaki MasuokaLaboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 235-0045, Japan.
Haruka Takeshige-AmanoDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Rina KurokawaLaboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 235-0045, Japan.
Yusuke OgataLaboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 235-0045, Japan.
Wataru SudaLaboratory for Symbiotic Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 235-0045, Japan.
Taku HatanoDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Daisuke AsaokaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan.
Yo MabuchiIntractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Yuna NaraokaIntractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Nobuhiro SatoDepartment of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Takashi AsadaMemory Clinic Ochanomizu, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan.
Nobutaka HattoriDepartment of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Masahira HattoriIntractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Chihiro AkazawaIntractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microbiome alterations are reportedly linked to systemic disease progression and medication. However, the effects of central nervous system drugs on the microbiome of patients with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, are poorly understood. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of medication on the salivary and gut microbiomes of patients with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. Comparative analyses of the effects of disease severity and drug use revealed that anti-dementia (DE) drugs, particularly acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, had a greater effect on compositional changes in the salivary microbiome than on those in the gut microbiome. Multivariate analyses incorporating anti-DE drug use showed that microbial signatures may serve as promising disease biomarkers, enabling the development of more precise predictors of cognitive function. Our findings will facilitate the advancement of diagnostic tools leveraging the salivary microbiome.

Indexed as

Health sciencesInternal medicineMedical specialtyMedicineNeurologyPsychiatry

Identifiers

PMID40487442
PMCPMC12144413

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.