Evidence mapPaperPMID 40488189Full record

ReviewFood science & nutrition2025

Evaluating the Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Watercress Supplementation at Short-Term Follow-Up: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Jimmy Wen, Muhammad Karabala, Zohaer Muttalib, Burhaan Syed, Ramy Khalil, Daniel Razick, Adam Razick, David Pai

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. UntargetedNutrients · 2026
    Trial
  2. Efficacy of Watercress (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jimmy WenCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5412-8551
Muhammad KarabalaCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.
Zohaer MuttalibCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.
Burhaan SyedCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.
Ramy KhalilCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.
Daniel RazickCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.
Adam RazickUniversity of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA.
David PaiCalifornia Northstate University College of Medicine Elk Grove California USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Watercress (WC) has been used extensively in traditional medicine for various healthcare conditions such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, arthritis, and more. This systematic review evaluates WC's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers in human studies. A systematic review search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies reporting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative markers following WC supplementation, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Study variables included the number of patients, dosage/formulation of WC, mean age, and follow-up time, pre- and post-intervention antioxidant/anti-inflammatory outcomes, and complications. Seven RCTs, including 302 patients with a mean age of 47 years (23-61) and a mean follow-up time of 39 days (21-60), were included in this study. The dosage varied from 85 g/day to 750 mg/kg/day. Antioxidant parameters reported included superoxide dismutase (five studies), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (two studies), glutathione peroxidase (two studies), retinol (two studies), β-carotene (two studies), and α-tocopherol (two studies). Oxidative stress parameters included protein carbonyls (four studies), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (two studies), malondialdehyde (two studies), nitric oxide (two studies), T-SH (two studies), and CAT (three studies). Inflammatory markers included two studies reporting on tumor necrosis factor-a (two studies) and one study reporting on interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein. WC administration demonstrated improvement for most antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers and had a strong safety profile. WC had a positive effect on anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory markers. However, the relatively short follow-up times and heterogeneous patient demographics and formulations/dosages of WC warrant further studies to assess the benefits of WC.

Indexed as

anti‐inflammatoryanti‐oxidantNasturtium officinalesystematic reviewwatercress

Identifiers

PMID40488189
PMCPMC12141087

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.