Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40490799›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2025

Comprehensive analysis of immunoglobulin expression in the mouse brain from embryonic to adult stages.

Keiko Morimoto, Hitomi Sano, Michiko Takahashi, Rikuo Takahashi, Kazunori Nakajima

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Neural Immunoglobulins Shape Brain Circuits.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Keiko Morimoto *Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. kmorimoto@keio.jp.
Hitomi Sano *Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Michiko TakahashiDepartment of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Rikuo TakahashiDepartment of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Kazunori NakajimaDepartment of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. kazunori@keio.jp.

Funding

FOREST program JPMJFR224IJapan Society for the Promotion of Science JP20K15916Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22K19365
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunoglobulin (Ig) is a critical molecule in the body's defense against foreign substances such as bacteria and viruses. While traditionally considered B cell specific, studies have reported that Ig is also expressed by non-B cells. However, it is not known to what extent Ig is expressed in the brain and which type of variable regions are expressed. In this study, we elucidated the expression profile of Igs from embryonic to adult stages using single-cell RNA sequencing data and Ig repertoire analysis. Our results revealed that microglia express Ighm transcripts from embryonic to adult stages. These transcripts contain the upstream region of the Ighj region. In addition, Ighm is expressed in the layer 6 corticothalamic neurons, some of which co-express Ighg2c in the adult brain. In particular, we were able to generate a comprehensive profile of Ig variable region expression from embryonic to adult stages. Furthermore, the response of Ighm expression in microglia to lipopolysaccharide is markedly different from that in B cells, suggesting a novel, brain-specific role for the Ig gene, distinct from its classical function in the immune system.

Indexed as

BrainGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalImmunoglobulinsAnimalsLipopolysaccharidesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicrogliaImmunoglobulinsLipopolysaccharidesConstant regionIghmImmunoglobulinLPSMicrogliaNeuronscRNA-seqVariable region

Identifiers

PMID40490799
PMCPMC12147291

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.