ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
Effect of very low nicotine content cigarettes on smoking behavior in Chinese smokers with genotype-stratified nicotine metabolism rates.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Smoking is a major public health issue worldwide, particularly in China where it is linked to serious diseases like lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. The genetic basis of nicotine metabolism, which varies significantly between Chinese and Western populations, impacts the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing nicotine dependence. Very Low Nicotine Content (VLNC) cigarettes are considered a promising strategy for smoking cessation. However, their effectiveness may vary due to genetic differences, necessitating specific studies on the impact of VLNC cigarettes on Chinese smokers' nicotine metabolism rates. Methods: This study utilized genome-wide SNP genotyping to categorize Chinese smokers into slow, medium, and fast nicotine metabolizers based on their genetic profiles. A total of 1,500 healthy volunteers were recruited across seven major Chinese regions and underwent saliva genomic DNA extraction for SNP genotyping. Parts of the participants in Zhengzhou were then provided with study VLNC cigarettes with a nicotine content of approximately 0.7 mg/g and monitored over a four-week period to assess changes in smoking behavior, nicotine exposure and smoking subjective effect. Results: Transitioning to VLNC cigarettes significantly reduced nicotine dependency in fast and medium metabolizers. Compensatory smoking behaviors, such as increased puff frequency, were particularly noticeable in slow and medium metabolizers. Biomarker analyses confirmed reductions in nicotine intake despite these compensatory behaviors. Conclusions: VLNC cigarettes effectively reduce nicotine dependency among Chinese smokers, with varying results based on nicotine metabolism rates influenced by genetic differences. The findings underscore the necessity of incorporating genetic profiling into public health strategies for smoking cessation. Further research is required to explore the full scope of compensatory smoking behaviors and to tailor cessation strategies to accommodate genetic variability within the smoker population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.