Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40499395›Full record

ReviewAutonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical2025

Direct vagal input to the gastrointestinal tract and other viscera: Re-definition of autonomic neuroscience or experimental artifacts?

Hans-Rudolf Berthoud, Edward A Fox, Heike Münzberg, Sangho Yu, Angela Kim, Bradford B Lowell, Winfried L Neuhuber

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. GLP-1 activates KNature communications · 2026
    Article
  4. ATF3-based peripheral neural tract tracing.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hans-Rudolf BerthoudNeurobiology of Nutrition & Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA. Electronic address: berthohr@pbrc.edu.
Edward A FoxDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 3(rd) Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Heike MünzbergNeurobiology of Nutrition & Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA.
Sangho YuNeurobiology of Nutrition & Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA.
Angela KimDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Bradford B LowellDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Winfried L NeuhuberInstitute for Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address: Winfried.Neuhuber@fau.de.

Funding

INTEGRATED ENDOCRINE &METABOLIC RESEARCH TRAININGT32DK007516 · NIDDK · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI BARBARA B. KAHN · 1986 to 2026
$6.8M
Neural mechanisms controlling food intake and body weight after bariatric surgeryR01DK047348 · NIDDK · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI BERTHOUD, HANS-RUDOLF · 1994 to 2018
$5.0M
Leptin and Central Control of ThermoregulationR01DK092587 · NIDDK · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI MUENZBERG-GRUENING, HEIKE · 2012 to 2024
$3.5M
Metabolic Changes: Connecting temperature sensing neurons to sympathetic adipose tissue stimulationR01AT011683 · NCCIH · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI MUENZBERG-GRUENING, HEIKE · 2021 to 2025
$2.5M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT011683NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK047348NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK092587NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007516
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The canonical autonomic nervous system pathway to peripheral targets consists of two neurons in series, i.e., preganglionic and postganglionic. However, several recent reports claim a direct innervation of some sub-diaphragmatic organs by neurons of the vagal dorsal motor nucleus without intercalated postganglionic neurons. The aim of this minireview is to summarize these studies e.g. on direct vagal preganglionic innervation of Brunner's glands, liver and spleen and to critically discuss their unorthodox findings and discrepancies with previous literature. We conclude that rigorous re-evaluation by complementary state-of-the-art strategies is obligatory.

Indexed as

Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic PathwaysGastrointestinal TractVagus NerveVisceraAnimalsHumansBrunner's glandsLiverPreganglionicSpleenTarget innervationVagus

Identifiers

PMID40499395
PMCPMC12362343

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.