ArticleNanotechnology, science and applications2025
Intracellular Uptake of Magnetic Nanocapsules with Ionic Chitosan Shells and Magnetically Triggered Cargo Release.
Article in Nanotechnology, science and applications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Drug delivery systems typically need to be equipped with targeting moieties in order to be efficiently internalized by cells. Alternatively, magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) combined with active compounds may be driven by magnetic field to the site of action. Delivery of hydrophobic drugs using this approach is challenging as it would require coupling of MNs and hydrophobic environment within nanocarriers and triggering of the drug release. Methods: We propose an approach enabling a magnetically induced forced uptake of core-shell nanocapsules carrying hydrophobic actives together with hydrophobized MNs. Such capsules, formed in a facile emulsification process, are composed of amphiphilic cationic or anionic chitosan (shell) and oil-dispersible MNs (oil core). The capsules were characterized using DLS, cryo-TEM. They were loaded with a model fluorescent dye, Nile Red, and pulled into cells applying a static magnetic field. Then, they were treated with an alternating magnetic field to disrupt the capsules thanks to the action of MNs. Results: Cryo-TEM imaging confirmed the presence of MNs inside the capsules (d≈200 nm). Confocal microscopy imaging showed the efficient capsules' intracellular uptake only after exposition to static magnetic field (some spontaneous uptake was observed for anionic capsules). Then, application of alternating magnetic fields induced rapture of the capsules inside the cells and release of the cargo. Discussion: This approach is very versatile as various lipophilic compounds could be encapsulated, then transported to desired tissues without active or passive targeting and kept there using static magnetic field, limiting undesired side effects of a therapy to the whole organism. The proposed capsules with MNs respond efficiently to magnetic field stimulation - they can be magnetically navigated into the cells and release their cargo after application of alternating magnetic field. This approach opens opportunities for controlled intracellular delivery of hydrophobic actives using easily applicable magnetic stimuli for both delivery and release.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.