ReviewGastroenterology research2025
Eflornithine for the Chemoprevention of Luminal Gastrointestinal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review.
Review in Gastroenterology research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) tract malignancies represent a significant global health burden, being major contributors to cancer-related morbidity and mortality globally, with over 7.7 million cases reported. While aspirin is a well-studied chemopreventive agent for GI neoplasms, its use may be limited due to the underlying bleeding risk. Eflornithine (DFMO) is an inhibitor of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) which inhibits polyamine synthesis, and has shown promise as an alternative chemopreventive agent, particularly in animal studies and limited clinical trials. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating DFMO alone or in combination for chemoprevention in premalignant GI lesions including chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia. The protocol was registered in Prospero (CRD42022309307). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies in English or Spanish were included. Results: Nine studies (six RCTs and three phase I-II trials) met inclusion criteria. Phase I-II trials involving Barrett's esophagus and gastric cancer did not report significant benefits. Phase III-IV trials combining DFMO with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were associated with reductions in adenoma recurrence, size, and polyamine levels in high-risk GI cancer populations. Side effects included ototoxicity, reversible upon discontinuation, and mild GI events, both occurring at higher doses. Conclusion: While aspirin remains a frontline chemopreventive agent for GI neoplasms, this review shows that phase III-IV trials suggest promising outcomes in combination with NSAIDs, warranting further investigation. Notably, DFMO's low cost and favorable toxicity profile may position it as a viable alternative, emphasizing the need for additional RCTs to delineate its efficacy and safety in GI cancer prevention. Further investigation into DFMO's optimal dosage, duration, and side effect management is essential to establish it as a safe and effective chemopreventive agent.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.