ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes patients undergoing dietary therapy.
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences.Cells · 2026Review
- 25-Hydroxyvitamin DCommunications medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) undergoing dietary therapy.
methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study that included 98 patients diagnosed with GDM according to the IADPSG criteria. Patients were divided into two groups based on vitamin D supplementation: the Vitamin D group (n = 49) and the Control group (n = 49). The Vitamin D group received 400 IU of vitamin D daily until delivery. All patients followed a standardized dietary management plan. The primary outcome was the time to achieve glycemic control. Secondary outcomes included changes in HbA1c, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, hs-CRP, MDA, and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for baseline differences, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 28.0.
resultsA total of 98 patients (49 per group) were included after propensity score matching (PSM), with similar baseline characteristics between groups (all P > 0.05), except for higher gestational edema scores in the control group (P = 0.001). The Vitamin D group achieved glycemic control faster than the control group (adjusted HR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.50-3.52, P < 0.001) and required less insulin (β = -0.11 U/kg/day, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.08, P < 0.001). Significant improvements were observed in key metabolic and inflammatory markers, including HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, hs-CRP, MDA, BMI, and gestational edema score (all P < 0.001), with no change in mid-upper arm circumference. The Vitamin D group also had significantly lower risks of pregnancy complications, adverse outcomes, and neonatal issues (P < 0.05), including reduced rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension, fetal distress, and postpartum hemorrhage.
conclusionVitamin D supplementation significantly improves glycemic control, enhances insulin sensitivity, and positively impacts pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes. Vitamin D supplementation should be considered in the management of GDM.
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