Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40507836›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Macrophage-Derived Factors with the Potential to Contribute to the Pathogenicity of HIV-1 and HIV-2: Roles of M-CSF and CXCL7.

Chunling Gao, Joseph Kutza, Weiming Ouyang, Tobias A Grimm, Karen Fields, Carla S R Lankford, Franziska Schwartzkopff, Mark Paciga, Ana Machuca, Linda Tiffany and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chunling GaoDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Joseph KutzaDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Weiming OuyangDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Three (DPQR-III), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9978-3743
Tobias A GrimmDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Karen FieldsDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Carla S R LankfordDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Franziska SchwartzkopffDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Mark PacigaDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Ana MachucaLaboratory of Molecular Virology, Division of Emerging and Transfusion Transmitted Diseases (DETTD), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Linda TiffanyDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Tzanko StantchevDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Kathleen A ClouseDivision of Pharmaceutical Quality Research Four (DPQR-IV), Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Funding

FDA internal funding N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 (HIV-2) is less pathogenic than HIV-1. However, the factors responsible for the differences in pathogenicity are still not well defined. To investigate this issue, we performed infection of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) with individual HIV-1 or HIV-2 strains and compared the levels of M-CSF, a cytokine shown to promote HIV-1 infection and replication in our previous studies, and CXCL7, a chemokine identified as being expressed at levels correlated with HIV type by our preliminary gene-expression analysis. We tested several HIV-2 isolates able to replicate in human MDMs and observed that all of them induced the production of M-CSF at high levels similar to those previously established for HIV-1 infection. In addition, the production of M-CSF in MDMs infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2 isolates correlated with the extent of virus replication. In contrast to M-CSF, the chemokine CXCL7 was differentially expressed between MDMs infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2 isolates, as revealed by qPCR and ELISA testing. Together, these results suggest that M-CSF induction may play similar roles in promoting the replication of HIV-1 and HIV-2, while differential regulation of chemokine expression may be an important factor contributing to the differential pathogenicity of the two HIV subtypes.

Indexed as

HIV-1HIV-2HIV InfectionsMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorMacrophagesbeta-ThromboglobulinCells, CulturedHumansVirus Replicationbeta-ThromboglobulinMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorPPBP protein, humanchemokineCXCL7HIV-1HIV-2macrophageM-CSFreplication

Identifiers

PMID40507836
PMCPMC12155501

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.