Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40508064›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Medical Ozone Increases Methotrexate Effects in Rheumatoid Arthritis Through a Shared New Mechanism Which Involves Adenosine.

Olga Sonia León Fernández, Gabriel Takon Oru, Renate Viebahn-Haensler, Gilberto López Cabreja, Irainis Serrano Espinosa, María Elena Corrales Vázquez

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Olga Sonia León FernándezPharmacy and Food Institute, University of Havana, Havana 13603, Cuba.
Gabriel Takon OruPharmacy and Food Institute, University of Havana, Havana 13603, Cuba.ORCID 0000-0003-0605-4838
Renate Viebahn-HaenslerMedical Society for the Use of Ozone in Prevention and Therapy, D-76473 Iffezheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0328-016X
Gilberto López CabrejaNational Institute of Rheumatology, Ministry of Public Health, Havana 19210, Cuba.
Irainis Serrano EspinosaNational Institute of Rheumatology, Ministry of Public Health, Havana 19210, Cuba.
María Elena Corrales VázquezClinical Laboratory of the Surgical and Clinical Teaching Hospital "10 de Octubre", Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Havana 19210, Cuba.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medical ozone is a redox regulator with beneficial effects in oxidative etiology diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study is to conduct a holistic review of different pharmacological trials involving ozone in model diseases, as well as the clinical responses of RA patients. The ROS (reactive oxygen species) involved in RA and their relationship with the main pathological pathways of this autoimmune disease are considered here. The integrative analysis of experimental results from animals with clinical findings reveals that both methotrexate (MTX) and medical ozone share common mechanisms via adenosinergic regulation. This finding enables us to propose a new pharmacological mechanism in the treatment of RA. We conclude that MTX + medical ozone combined therapy reduces ROS overproduction and the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and decreases anti-cyclic citrullinate peptide levels by a mutual mechanism involving adenosine A

Indexed as

AdenosineAntirheumatic AgentsArthritis, RheumatoidMethotrexateOzoneAnimalsHumansReactive Oxygen SpeciesAdenosineAntirheumatic AgentsMethotrexateOzoneReactive Oxygen SpeciesA1 adenosine receptorsmethotrexateozonereactive oxygen speciesrheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID40508064
PMCPMC12155193

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.